OsMADS6,MFO1,AFG1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags floral  spikelet  flower  palea  floral meristem  starch  vegetative  auxin  meristem  stamen  fertility  spikelet meristem  endosperm  transcription factor  lemma  grain  grain yield  yield  grain size  sugar  quality  transcriptional activator  grain quality 

• Information
  • Symbol: OsMADS6,MFO1,AFG1
  • MSU: LOC_Os02g45770
  • RAPdb: Os02g0682200
• Publication
  • MADS-box gene family in rice: genome-wide identification, organization and expression profiling during reproductive development and stress, 2007, BMC Genomics.
  • The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice, 2009, Cell Res.
  • Characterization of Osmads6-5, a null allele, reveals that OsMADS6 is a critical regulator for early flower development in rice Oryza sativa L., 2012, Plant Mol Biol.
  • OsMADS6 plays an essential role in endosperm nutrient accumulation and is subject to epigenetic regulation in rice Oryza sativa, 2010, Plant J.
  • MOSAIC FLORAL ORGANS1, an AGL6-like MADS box gene, regulates floral organ identity and meristem fate in rice, 2009, Plant Cell.
  • Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate, 2011, Plant Cell.
  • Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, 2011, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Alteration of floral organ identity in rice through ectopic expression of OsMADS16, 2003, Planta.
  • ABNORMAL FLOWER AND GRAIN 1 encodes OsMADS6 and determines palea identity and affects rice grain yield and quality., 2020, Sci China Life Sci.
  • OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, 2020, J Exp Bot.
• Genbank accession number
  • AK069103
• Key message
  • OsMADS6 was initially named as MFO1 for mosaic floral organs based on its moderate mutant phenotypes
  • Here, we report a null allele of OsMADS6 (Osmads6-5), which exhibited a strong mutant phenotype in spikelet without affecting vegetative traits, causing all floral organs except lemma homeotically transformed into lemma-like organs (LLOs) as well as an indeterminate floral meristem, thus resulting in a mutant floret consisting of reiterating whorls of lemma and LLOs
  • Here, we describe an AGL6-like gene in rice (Oryza sativa), MOSAIC FLORAL ORGANS1 (MFO1/MADS6), that regulates floral organ identity and floral meristem determinacy
  • Furthermore, the determinacy of the floral meristem was lost, and extra carpels or spikelets developed in mfo1 florets
  • So far, four moderate or weak mutant alleles of OsMADS6 have been described, providing valuable insights into its role in flower development
  • Taken together, our results revealed that OsMADS6 acts as a critical regulator for early flower development in rice and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of OsMADS6
  • Characterization of Osmads6-5, a null allele, reveals that OsMADS6 is a critical regulator for early flower development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
  • OsMADS17 has been shown to play a minor role in floral development and appears to result from a duplication of OsMADS6
  • Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-like gene, OsMADS6, in specifying floral organ and meristem identities in rice (Oryza sativa L
  • OsMADS6 was strongly expressed in the floral meristem at early stages
  • Compared to wild type plants, osmads6 mutants displayed altered palea identity, extra glume-like or mosaic organs, abnormal carpel development and loss of floral meristem determinacy
  • Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmads1-z osmads6-1 flowers
  • Furthermore, the osmads1-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indeterminate floral meristems
  • Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify floral state by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1
  • The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice
  • Subsequently, OsMADS6 transcripts were mainly detectable in paleas, lodicules, carpels and the integument of ovule, as well as in the receptacle
  • Further investigation shows that ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase genes, encoding the rate-limiting step enzyme in the starch synthesis pathway, are subject to the regulation of OsMADS6
  • Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility
  • In the flower of mfo1 mutants, the identities of palea and lodicule are disturbed, and mosaic organs were observed
  • Whereas single mutants in either MFO1 or the SEPALLATA-like gene LHS1 showed moderate phenotypes, the mfo1 lhs1 double mutant showed a severe phenotype, including the loss of spikelet meristem determinacy
  • OsMGH3/OsGH3-8 is expressed abundantly in rice florets and is regulated by two related and redundant transcription factors, OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, but its contribution to flower development is not known
  • In consistently, over-expression of OsMADS6 led to additional lodicule-, stamen- and carpel-like organs
  • Expression analysis showed that OsMADS6 controls the formation of the incipient primordia of lodicule, stamen and carpel via regulating the expression of class B, C and SEP-like MADS-box genes
  • Here, we report that OsMADS6 is highly expressed in flower and endosperm in Oryza sativa (rice)
  • OsMADS6 plays an essential role in endosperm nutrient accumulation and is subject to epigenetic regulation in rice (Oryza sativa)
  • However, in contrast to other osmads6 alleles, the afg1 mutant showed altered grain size and grain quality, with decreased total starch and amylose contents, and increased protein and soluble sugar contents
  • The analysis of transcriptional activity suggested that AFG1 is a transcriptional activator and may affect grain size by regulating the expression levels of several genes related to cell expansion and proliferation in the afg1 mutant
  • These results revealed that AFG1 plays an important role in determining palea identity and affecting grain yield and quality in rice
  • Similar to previously characterized osmads6 alleles, in the afg1 floret, the palea lost its marginal region and acquired the lemma identity
  • We show here that the rice homeotic transcription factor OsMADS32 regulates floral patterning by interacting synergistically with E class protein OsMADS6 in a dosage-dependent manner
• Connection
  • OsMADS16~SPW1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Alteration of floral organ identity in rice through ectopic expression of OsMADS16, OsMADS16 also interacted with OsMADS6 and OSMADS8, both of which are homologous to SEPALLATA proteins required for the proper function of class-B and class-C genes in Arabidopsis
  • OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS8~OsMADS24, Alteration of floral organ identity in rice through ectopic expression of OsMADS16, OsMADS16 also interacted with OsMADS6 and OSMADS8, both of which are homologous to SEPALLATA proteins required for the proper function of class-B and class-C genes in Arabidopsis
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice, Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmads1-z osmads6-1 flowers
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice, Furthermore, the osmads1-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indeterminate floral meristems
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice, Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify “floral state” by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1
  • OsMADS13, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate, MADS6 was shown to define carpel/ovule development and floral determinacy by interacting with MADS13 (D-gene) and control the palea and floral meristem identities together with the YABBY gene DROOPING LEAF
  • OsMADS13, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate, Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate
  • OsMADS16~SPW1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate, Genetic analyses revealed that MADS6 specifies the identity of the three inner whorls and floral meristem determinacy redundantly with SUPERWOMAN1/MADS16 (B-gene) or MADS3 (C-gene)
  • OsGH3.8~OsGH3-8~OsMGH3, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, OsMGH3/OsGH3-8 is expressed abundantly in rice florets and is regulated by two related and redundant transcription factors, OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, but its contribution to flower development is not known
  • OsGH3.8~OsGH3-8~OsMGH3, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, We functionally characterize OsMGH3 by overexpression and knock-down analysis and show a partial overlap in these phenotypes with that of mutants in OsMADS1 and OsMADS6
  • OsGH3.8~OsGH3-8~OsMGH3, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, OsMGH3/OsGH3-8 is expressed abundantly in rice florets and is regulated by two related and redundant transcription factors, OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, but its contribution to flower development is not known
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, We functionally characterize OsMGH3 by overexpression and knock-down analysis and show a partial overlap in these phenotypes with that of mutants in OsMADS1 and OsMADS6
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility, Auxin-responsive OsMGH3, a common downstream target of OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, controls rice floret fertility
  • OsIG1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Down-regulation of a LBD-like gene, OsIG1, leads to occurrence of unusual double ovules and developmental abnormalities of various floral organs and megagametophyte in rice, Additionally, down-regulation of OsIG1 differentially affected the expression of genes associated with the floral organ development including EG1, OsMADS6 and OsMADS1.
  • OsEMF2b, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, The polycomb group gene EMF2B is essential for maintenance of floral meristem determinacy in rice, Transcriptome analysis identified the E-function genes OsMADS1, OsMADS6 and OsMADS34 as differentially expressed in the emf2b mutant compared with wild type.
  • OsEMF2b, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, The polycomb group gene EMF2B is essential for maintenance of floral meristem determinacy in rice, OsMADS1 and OsMADS6, known to be required for meristem determinacy in rice, have reduced expression in the emf2b mutant, whereas OsMADS34 which interacts genetically with OsMADS1 was ectopically expressed.
  • FZP~BFL1~SGDP7~PAA7, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, Regulatory role of FZP in the determination of panicle branching and spikelet formation in rice., FZP overexpression positively regulates the expression of a subset of the class B genes, AGL6 genes (OsMADS6 and OsMADS17) as well as class E genes (OsMADS1, OsMADS7 and OsMADS8) in floral meristem (FM)
  • EG1~GY1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, A High Temperature-Dependent Mitochondrial Lipase EXTRA GLUME1 Promotes Floral Phenotypic Robustness against Temperature Fluctuation in Rice Oryza sativa L.., Furthermore, we found that numerous environmentally responsive genes including many floral identity genes are transcriptionally repressed in eg1 mutants and OsMADS1, OsMADS6 and OsG1 genetically act downstream of EG1 to maintain floral robustness
  • OsFDML1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS6 controls flower development by activating rice FACTOR OF DNA METHYLATION LIKE 1., In the present study, we report that OsMADS6 directly targets FACTOR OF DNA METHYLATION LIKE 1 (OsFDML1), a rice homolog of the SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING3-like gene FACTOR OF DNA METHYLATION 1 (FDM1) from Arabidopsis thaliana
  • OsFDML1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS6 controls flower development by activating rice FACTOR OF DNA METHYLATION LIKE 1., The expression of OsFDML1 overlaps with that of OsMADS6 in the palea primordia and the ovule, and OsMADS6 directly promotes OsFDML1 expression through binding to regions containing putative CArG motifs within the OsFDML1 promoter during rice spikelet development
  • OsFDML1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS6 controls flower development by activating rice FACTOR OF DNA METHYLATION LIKE 1., Consistent with the phenotypes of osmads6 mutants, the osfdml1 mutants showed floral defects, including altered palea identity with lemma-like shape containing no marginal region of palea, increased numbers of stigmas and fused carpels, and meristem indeterminacy
  • NSG~NSG1~LRG1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, NONSTOP GLUMES 1 Encoding a C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein That Regulates Spikelet Development in Rice., The results suggest that NSG1 plays a pivotal role in maintaining organ identities in the spikelet by repressing the expression of LHS1, DL, MFO1
  • NSG~NSG1~LRG1, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, LRG1 maintains sterile lemma identity by regulating OsMADS6 expression in rice, LRG1 maintains sterile lemma identity by regulating OsMADS6 expression in rice
  • CFO1~OsMADS32, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, We show here that the rice homeotic transcription factor OsMADS32 regulates floral patterning by interacting synergistically with E class protein OsMADS6 in a dosage-dependent manner
  • CFO1~OsMADS32, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, Furthermore, our results indicate important roles of OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58 and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 respectively
  • OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, Furthermore, our results indicate important roles of OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58 and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 respectively
  • OsMADS13, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, Furthermore, our results indicate important roles of OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58 and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 respectively
  • OSMADS3, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, Furthermore, our results indicate important roles of OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58 and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 respectively
  • OSMADS58, OsMADS6~MFO1~AFG1, OsMADS32 Regulates Rice Floral Patterning through Interactions with Multiple Floral Homeotic Genes, Furthermore, our results indicate important roles of OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58 and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 respectively

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