TUD1,DSG1,ELF1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags growth  brassinosteroid  dwarf  BR  cell division  salicylic acid  Brassinosteroid  seedlings  jasmonic  jasmonic acid  Brassinosteroid Signaling  Ubiquitin  transcription factor  sheath  defense  defense response  blight  BR  BR signaling 

• Information
  • Symbol: TUD1,DSG1,ELF1
  • MSU: LOC_Os03g13010
  • RAPdb: Os03g0232600
• Publication
  • The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice, 2013, PLoS Genet.
  • Dwarf and short grain 1, encoding a putative U-box protein regulates cell division and elongation in rice., 2016, J Plant Physiol.
  • Rice ERECT LEAF 1 acts in an alternative brassinosteroid signaling pathway independent of the receptor kinase OsBRI1., 2017, Plant Signal Behav.
  • An E3 ubiquitin ligase, ERECT LEAF1, functions in brassinosteroid signaling of rice., 2013, Plant Signal Behav.
  • ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., 2018, Plant Signal Behav.
  • The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., 2022, Plant Commun.
• Genbank accession number
  • AK068218
• Key message
  • The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice
  • In this study, we report a D1 genetic interactor Taihu Dwarf1 (TUD1) that encodes a functional U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase
  • Histological observations showed that the dwarf phenotype of tud1 is mainly due to decreased cell proliferation and disorganized cell files in aerial organs
  • Genetic, phenotypic, and physiological analyses have shown that tud1 is epistatic to d1 and is less sensitive to BR treatment
  • In the dsg1 mutant (an allelic mutant of tud1), the lengths of the roots, internodes, panicles, and seeds were shorter than that in the wild-type, which was due to defects in cell division and elongation
  • These results demonstrate that DSG1 positively regulates cell division and elongation and may be involved in multiple hormone pathways
  • The dsg1 mutant is less sensitive to brassinosteroid treatment than the wild-type, and DSG1 expression is negatively regulated by brassinosteroids, ethylene, auxin, and salicylic acid
  • These results indicate that less than half of ELF1-regulated genes in rice seedlings are affected by OsBRI1, and suggest that ELF1 acts in a rice brassinosteroid signaling pathway different from that initiated by OsBRI1
  • These results imply that ELF1 suppresses stress-induced signalling, and that jasmonic acid signaling is stimulated in elf1-1; therefore, ELF1 may be involved in the brassinosteroid-mediated suppression of jasmonic acid response in rice
  • Physiological analyses suggested that elf1-1 is brassinosteroid-insensitive, so we hypothesized that ELF1 encodes a positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling
  • Similarities in the phenotypes of elf1 and d61 mutants (mutants of brassinosteroid receptor gene OsBRI1), and in the regulation of ELF1 and OsBRI1 expression, imply that ELF1 functions as a positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling in rice
  • U-box proteins have been shown to function as E3 ubiquitin ligases; in fact, ELF1 possessed E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro
  • Here, by conducting yeast two-hybrid assay and in vitro ubiquitination experiments, we demonstrate that ELF1 interacts with the OsWRKY4 transcription factor, a positive regulator of defense responses to rice sheath blight
  • These results suggest that ELF1 indirectly controls the expression of PR1b and PR5 genes by regulating the OsWRKY4 protein level, and support a hypothesis that brassinosteroid and jasmonic acid cooperate to maintain the balance between growth and defense responses
  • ELF1 decreased the stability of OsWRKY4, whereas exogenous jasmonic acid treatment suppressed this effect of ELF1, resulting in OsWRKY4 accumulation in rice plants
  • We conclude that ELF1 participates in the antagonistic interaction between these two phytohormones by suppressing the jasmonic acid response through the down-regulation of OsWRKY4 protein level in rice
  • In addition, inhibition of BR synthesis promotes GSK2 accumulation and suppresses TUD1 stability
  • Furthermore, the GSK2 degradation process is largely impaired in tud1 in response to BR
  • In conclusion, our study demonstrates the role of TUD1 in BR-induced GSK2 degradation, thereby advancing our understanding of a critical step in the BR signaling pathway of rice
  • The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice.
  • Here, we identify the U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 as a GSK2-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid screening
• Connection
  • D1~RGA1~LW5, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice, In this study, we report a D1 genetic interactor Taihu Dwarf1 (TUD1) that encodes a functional U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase
  • D1~RGA1~LW5, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice, Genetic, phenotypic, and physiological analyses have shown that tud1 is epistatic to d1 and is less sensitive to BR treatment
  • D1~RGA1~LW5, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice, Furthermore, we found that D1 directly interacts with TUD1
  • D1~RGA1~LW5, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase TUD1 functions with a heterotrimeric G alpha subunit to regulate Brassinosteroid-mediated growth in rice, Taken together, these results demonstrate that D1 and TUD1 act together to mediate a BR-signaling pathway
  • D61~OsBRI1~OsBRKq1~HFR131, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, Rice ERECT LEAF 1 acts in an alternative brassinosteroid signaling pathway independent of the receptor kinase OsBRI1., A double mutant obtained by crossing elf1-1 (a null mutant of ELF1) with d61-1 (a leaky mutant of OsBRI1) showed a more severe phenotype than did the elf1-1 single mutant, resembling that of a severe brassinosteroid-deficient mutant
  • D61~OsBRI1~OsBRKq1~HFR131, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, Rice ERECT LEAF 1 acts in an alternative brassinosteroid signaling pathway independent of the receptor kinase OsBRI1., These results indicate that less than half of ELF1-regulated genes in rice seedlings are affected by OsBRI1, and suggest that ELF1 acts in a rice brassinosteroid signaling pathway different from that initiated by OsBRI1
  • D61~OsBRI1~OsBRKq1~HFR131, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, An E3 ubiquitin ligase, ERECT LEAF1, functions in brassinosteroid signaling of rice., Similarities in the phenotypes of elf1 and d61 mutants (mutants of brassinosteroid receptor gene OsBRI1), and in the regulation of ELF1 and OsBRI1 expression, imply that ELF1 functions as a positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling in rice
  • OsWRKY4, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., Here, by conducting yeast two-hybrid assay and in vitro ubiquitination experiments, we demonstrate that ELF1 interacts with the OsWRKY4 transcription factor, a positive regulator of defense responses to rice sheath blight
  • OsWRKY4, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., ELF1 decreased the stability of OsWRKY4, whereas exogenous jasmonic acid treatment suppressed this effect of ELF1, resulting in OsWRKY4 accumulation in rice plants
  • OsWRKY4, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., These results suggest that ELF1 indirectly controls the expression of PR1b and PR5 genes by regulating the OsWRKY4 protein level, and support a hypothesis that brassinosteroid and jasmonic acid cooperate to maintain the balance between growth and defense responses
  • OsWRKY4, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., We conclude that ELF1 participates in the antagonistic interaction between these two phytohormones by suppressing the jasmonic acid response through the down-regulation of OsWRKY4 protein level in rice
  • TLP~PR5, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, ERECT LEAF1 suppresses jasmonic acid response in rice by decreasing OsWRKY4 stability., These results suggest that ELF1 indirectly controls the expression of PR1b and PR5 genes by regulating the OsWRKY4 protein level, and support a hypothesis that brassinosteroid and jasmonic acid cooperate to maintain the balance between growth and defense responses
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice.
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., We show that TUD1 is able to directly interact with GSK2 and ubiquitinate the protein
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., Phenotypes of the tud1 mutant are highly similar to those of plants with constitutively activated GSK2
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., Consistent with this finding, GSK2 protein accumulates in the tud1 mutant compared with the wild type
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., In addition, inhibition of BR synthesis promotes GSK2 accumulation and suppresses TUD1 stability
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., By contrast, BRs can induce GSK2 degradation but promote TUD1 accumulation
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., Furthermore, the GSK2 degradation process is largely impaired in tud1 in response to BR
  • GSK2~OsGSK2~OsSK22, TUD1~DSG1~ELF1, The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice., In conclusion, our study demonstrates the role of TUD1 in BR-induced GSK2 degradation, thereby advancing our understanding of a critical step in the BR signaling pathway of rice

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