SLR1,OsGAI,OsSLR1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags dwarf  seed  ABA  gibberellin  ga  homeostasis  height  flower  shoot  brassinosteroid  submergence  growth  ethylene  seed germination  resistance  defense  salicylic acid  immunity  innate immunity  jasmonic  ja  jasmonic acid  GA  JA  sa  SA  defense response  GA biosynthetic  tiller  plant height  tiller number  salt  sheath  blight  abiotic stress  stress  biotic stress  ga  R protein  Gibberellin  low-temperature  GA biosynthesis 

• Information
  • Symbol: SLR1,OsGAI,OsSLR1
  • MSU: LOC_Os03g49990
  • RAPdb: Os03g0707600
• Publication
  • Identification and characterization of two new members of the GRAS gene family in rice responsive to N-acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor, 2003, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression.
  • Overexpression of OsSIN, encoding a novel small protein, causes short internodes in Oryza sativa, 2005, Plant Science.
  • A rice mutant displaying a heterochronically elongated internode carries a 100 kb deletion, 2011, J Genet Genomics.
  • Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, Slr1-d, in rice, 2009, Mol Genet Genomics.
  • Rice early flowering1, a CKI, phosphorylates DELLA protein SLR1 to negatively regulate gibberellin signalling, 2010, EMBO J.
  • Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, 2010, Plant Cell.
  • Gibberellin homeostasis and plant height control by EUI and a role for gibberellin in root gravity responses in rice, 2008, Cell Res.
  • Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice, 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
  • Overexpression of a GRAS protein lacking the DELLA domain confers altered gibberellin responses in rice, 2005, Plant J.
  • GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice, 2004, The Plant Journal.
  • GAMYB controls different sets of genes and is differentially regulated by microRNA in aleurone cells and anthers, 2006, Plant J.
  • The rice SPINDLY gene functions as a negative regulator of gibberellin signaling by controlling the suppressive function of the DELLA protein, SLR1, and modulating brassinosteroid synthesis, 2006, Plant J.
  • The suppressive function of the rice DELLA protein SLR1 is dependent on its transcriptional activation activity, 2012, Plant J.
  • GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 encodes a soluble receptor for gibberellin, 2005, Nature.
  • The Gibberellin Signaling Pathway Is Regulated by the Appearance and Disappearance of SLENDER RICE1 in Nuclei, 2002, The Plant Cell Online.
  • slender Rice, a Constitutive Gibberellin Response Mutant, Is Caused by a Null Mutation of the SLR1 Gene, an Ortholog of the Height-Regulating Gene GAI/RGA/RHT/D8, 2001, The Plant Cell Online.
  • GA Perception and Signal Transduction: Molecular Interactions of the GA Receptor GID1 with GA and the DELLA Protein SLR1 in Rice, 2007, The Plant Cell Online.
  • Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, 2008, Plant Cell.
  • A rice gid1 suppressor mutant reveals that gibberellin is not always required for interaction between its receptor, GID1, and DELLA proteins, 2010, Plant Cell.
  • The slender rice mutant, with constitutively activated gibberellin signal transduction, has enhanced capacity for abscisic acid level, 2002, Plant and Cell Physiology.
  • EUI1, encoding a putative cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, regulates internode elongation by modulating gibberellin responses in rice, 2006, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Analysis of the rice mutant dwarf and gladius leaf 1. Aberrant katanin-mediated microtubule organization causes up-regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic genes independently of gibberellin signaling, 2005, Plant Physiol.
  • A Gibberellin-Mediated DELLA-NAC Signaling Cascade Regulates Cellulose Synthesis in Rice., 2015, Plant Cell.
  • The DELLA protein SLR1 integrates and amplifies salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent innate immunity in rice., 2016, Plant Physiol.
  • Silencing OsSLR1 enhances the resistance of rice to the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens., 2017, Plant Cell Environ.
  • Gibberellin antagonizes jasmonate-induced defense against Meloidogyne graminicola in rice., 2018, New Phytol.
  • Characterization of a new semi-dominant dwarf allele of SLR1 and its potential application in hybrid rice breeding., 2018, J Exp Bot.
  • SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice., 2019, Nat Commun.
  • SLENDER RICE1 and Oryza sativa INDETERMINATE DOMAIN2 Regulating OsmiR396 Is Involved in Stem Elongation., 2020, Plant Physiol.
  • PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 and SLENDER RICE1 interaction controls seedling growth under salt stress , 2020, Plant Physiol.
  • Genome-Wide Identification, Transcript Profiling and Bioinformatic Analyses of GRAS Transcription Factor Genes in Rice., 2021, Front Plant Sci.
  • WRKY53 negatively regulates rice cold tolerance at the booting stage by fine-tuning anther gibberellin levels., 2022, Plant Cell.
  • Independently evolved viral effectors convergently suppress DELLA protein SLR1-mediated broad-spectrum antiviral immunity in rice., 2022, Nat Commun.
  • OsMKKK70 Negatively Regulates Cold Tolerance at Booting Stage in Rice., 2022, Int J Mol Sci.
• Genbank accession number
  • AB030956
• Key message
  • It is assumed that interaction between GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) and the N-terminal DELLA/TVHYNP motif of SLR1 triggers F-box protein GID2-mediated SLR1 degradation
  • We identified a semidominant dwarf mutant, Slr1-d4, which contains a mutation in the region encoding the C-terminal GRAS domain of SLR1 (SLR1(G576V))
  • Disturbing GA homeostasis affected the expression of the GA signaling genes GID1 (GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1), GID2 and SLR1
  • GA perception by GID1 causes SLR1 protein degradation involving the F-box protein GID2; this triggers GA-associated responses such as shoot elongation and seed germination
  • We also succeeded in producing GA-insensitive dwarf rice by transforming wild-type rice with a modified SLR1 gene construct that has a 17–amino acid deletion affecting the DELLA region
  • Map-based cloning revealed that the dwarf phenotype in these mutants was caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1
  • Isolation and characterization of dominant dwarf mutants, Slr1-d, in rice
  • These results indicate that constitutive activation of the GA signal transduction pathway by the slr1-1 mutation promotes the endogenous ABA level
  • The slender rice (slr1-1) mutant, carrying a lethal and recessive single mutation, has a constitutive gibberellin (GA)-response phenotype and behaves as if it were saturated with GAs [Ikeda et al
  • Overexpression of SLR1 in wild-type plants caused a severe dwarf phenotype, which was significantly suppressed by EL1 deficiency, indicating the negative effect of SLR1 on GA signalling requires the EL1 function
  • The enhanced expression of GA biosynthetic genes in dgl1 is not caused by inappropriate GA signaling because the expression of these genes was repressed by GA3 treatment, and degradation of the rice DELLA protein SLR1 was triggered by GA3 in this mutant
  • The SLR1 gene, with sequence homology to members of the plant-specific GRAS gene family, is a mediator of the GA signal transduction process
  • SLR1 maps to OsGAI in rice and has significant homology with height-regulating genes, such as RHT-1Da in wheat, D8 in maize, and GAI and RGA in Arabidopsis
  • slender Rice, a Constitutive Gibberellin Response Mutant, Is Caused by a Null Mutation of the SLR1 Gene, an Ortholog of the Height-Regulating Gene GAI/RGA/RHT/D8
  • Rice early flowering1, a CKI, phosphorylates DELLA protein SLR1 to negatively regulate gibberellin signalling
  • When SLR1 proteins with various deletions were over-expressed in rice, the severity of dwarfism correlated with the transactivation activity observed in yeast, indicating that SLR1 suppresses plant growth through transactivation activity
  • In GA-insensitive and GA biosynthesis mutants, SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) accumulates to high levels, and the severity of dwarfism is usually correlated with the level of SLR1 accumulation
  • An exception is the GA-insensitive F-box mutant gid2, which shows milder dwarfism than mutants such as gid1 and cps even though it accumulates higher levels of SLR1
  • The level of SLR1 protein in gid2 was decreased by loss of GID1 function or treatment with a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, and dwarfism was enhanced
  • Conversely, overproduction of GID1 or treatment with GA(3) increased the SLR1 level in gid2 and reduced dwarfism
  • Further studies showed that the phosphorylation of SLR1 is important for maintaining its activity and stability, and mutation of the candidate phosphorylation site of SLR1 results in the altered GA signalling
  • GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice
  • SLR1-GFP worked in nuclei to repress the GA signaling pathway; its overproduction caused a dwarf phenotype
  • The rice SLR1 (SLENDER RICE 1) gene encodes a DELLA protein that belongs to a subfamily of the GRAS protein superfamily and that functions as a repressor of gibberellin (GA) signaling
  • The rice SPINDLY gene functions as a negative regulator of gibberellin signaling by controlling the suppressive function of the DELLA protein, SLR1, and modulating brassinosteroid synthesis
  • This indicates that the function of OsSPY in GA signaling is not via changes in the amount or stability of SLR1, but probably involves control of the suppressive function of SLR1
  • The rice slender mutant (slr1-1) is caused by a single recessive mutation and results in a constitutive gibberellin (GA) response phenotype
  • Notably Sub1A increased the accumulation of the GA signaling repressors Slender Rice-1 (SLR1) and SLR1 Like-1 (SLRL1) and concomitantly diminished GA-inducible gene expression under submerged conditions
  • Together, these results demonstrate that Sub1A limits ethylene-promoted GA responsiveness during submergence by augmenting accumulation of the GA signaling repressors SLR1 and SLRL1
  • In the Sub1A overexpression line, SLR1 protein levels declined under prolonged submergence but were accompanied by an increase in accumulation of SLRL1, which lacks the DELLA domain
  • Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice
  • These results indicate that the product of the SLR1 gene is an intermediate of the GA signal transduction pathway
  • Furthermore, introduction of a 6-kb genomic DNA fragment containing the wild-type SLR1 gene into the slr1-1 mutant restored GA sensitivity to normal
  • Thus, we demonstrate opposite GA response phenotypes depending on the type of mutations in SLR1
  • Application of GA(3) to SLR1-GFP overproducers induced GA actions such as shoot elongation, downregulation of GA 20-oxidase expression, and upregulation of SLR1 expression linked with the disappearance of the nuclear SLR1-GFP protein
  • The rice (Oryza sativa) DELLA protein SLR1 acts as a repressor of gibberellin (GA) signaling
  • Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant
  • These results indicate that derepression of SLR1 repressive activity can be accomplished by GA and GID1 alone and does not require F-box (GID2) function
  • Evidence for GA signaling without GID2 was also provided by the expression behavior of GA-regulated genes such as GA-20oxidase1, GID1, and SLR1 in the gid2 mutant
  • The C-terminal GRAS domain of SLR1 also exhibits a suppressive function on plant growth, possibly by directly or indirectly interacting with the promoter region of target genes
  • Based on the constitutive GA response phenotype of slr1 mutants, SLR1 has been thought to be the sole DELLA-type protein suppressing GA signals in rice
  • However, the repressive activity of SLRL1 against GA signaling was much weaker than a truncated SLR1 lacking the DELLA domain
  • This activity was suppressed by the GA-dependent GID1-SLR1 interaction, which may explain why GA responses are induced in the presence of GA
  • Our results indicate that the N-terminal region of SLR1 has two roles in GA signaling: interaction with GID1 and transactivation activity
  • The slender rice1 mutant (slr1) shows a constitutive gibberellin (GA) response phenotype
  • Furthermore, apart from the alteration of expression levels of the gibberellin biosynthesis genes, accumulation of SLR1 protein was found in the overexpressing transgenic plants, indicating that the expression level of EUI1 is implicated in both gibberellin-mediated SLR1 destruction and a feedback regulation in gibberellin biosynthesis
  • The DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) is a repressor of gibberellin (GA) signaling in rice (Oryza sativa), and most of the GA-associated responses are induced upon SLR1 degradation
  • The analyses revealed that the SLR1 protein can be divided into four parts: a GA signal perception domain located at the N terminus, a regulatory domain for its repression activity, a dimer formation domain essential for signal perception and repression activity, and a repression domain at the C terminus
  • We conclude that GA signal transduction is regulated by the appearance or disappearance of the nuclear SLR1 protein, which is controlled by the upstream GA signal
  • GA Perception and Signal Transduction: Molecular Interactions of the GA Receptor GID1 with GA and the DELLA Protein SLR1 in Rice
  • Together these findings favor a model whereby SLR1 acts as a positive regulator of hemibiotroph resistance in rice by integrating and amplifying SA- and JA-dependent defense signaling
  • Moreover, contrary to the differential effect of DELLA on the archetypal defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in Arabidopsis, we demonstrate that the resistance-promoting effect of SLR1 is due at least in part to its ability to boost both SA- and JA-mediated rice defenses
  • The DELLA protein SLR1 integrates and amplifies salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent innate immunity in rice.
  • In a reciprocal manner, we found JA and SA treatment to interfere with GA metabolism and stabilize SLR1
  • <U+00A0>graminicola, and SLR1 plays a central role in the JA-mediated defense response in rice against this nematode
  • Expression of SLR1 and five key GA biosynthetic genes were disturbed in Slr1-d6 and the interaction between Slr1-d6 and GID1 was decreased
  • Characterization of a new semi-dominant dwarf allele of SLR1 and its potential application in hybrid rice breeding.
  • SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice.
  • This discovery provides a molecular explanation for the coordinated control of plant height and tiller number in rice by GAs, SLR1 and MOC1
  • The protein levels of OsIDD2 were unaffected by GA in the wild type and OsIDD2OE plants, implying that OSIDD2 promotes the expression of miR396 and likely requires the coactivator of SLR1
  • Furthermore, salt induces OsPIL14 turnover but enhances SLR1 accumulation
  • OsGRAS39 was found to be a highly expressive gene under sheath blight infection and both abiotic stress treatments while OsGRAS8, OsSHR1 and OsSLR1 were also responsive
  • SLR1-mediated broad-spectrum resistance was subverted by these independently evolved viral proteins, which all interrupted the functional crosstalk between SLR1 and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling
  • Viral proteins encoded by different types of rice viruses all directly trigger the rapid degradation of SLR1 by promoting association with the GA receptor OsGID1
  • Moreover, under the low-temperature (LT) condition, the osmkkk62/70 mutant had slightly higher Gibberellin (GA) contents, increased expression of GA biosynthesis genes, and lower protein level of OsSLR1 in anthers than those in WT
• Connection
  • OsSIN~ACE1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Overexpression of OsSIN, encoding a novel small protein, causes short internodes in Oryza sativa, Expression of OsGAI at protein level was increased in OsSIN-overexpressed rice compared with the wild type
  • CKI~EL1~Hd16, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Rice early flowering1, a CKI, phosphorylates DELLA protein SLR1 to negatively regulate gibberellin signalling, Biochemical characterization showed that EL1 specifically phosphorylates the rice DELLA protein SLR1, proving a direct evidence for SLR1 phosphorylation
  • CKI~EL1~Hd16, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Rice early flowering1, a CKI, phosphorylates DELLA protein SLR1 to negatively regulate gibberellin signalling, Overexpression of SLR1 in wild-type plants caused a severe dwarf phenotype, which was significantly suppressed by EL1 deficiency, indicating the negative effect of SLR1 on GA signalling requires the EL1 function
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, It is assumed that interaction between GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) and the N-terminal DELLA/TVHYNP motif of SLR1 triggers F-box protein GID2-mediated SLR1 degradation
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, The GA-dependent degradation of SLR1(G576V) was reduced in Slr1-d4, and compared with SLR1, SLR1(G576V) showed reduced interaction with GID1 and almost none with GID2 when tested in yeast cells
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, These results suggest that the stable interaction of GID1-SLR1 through the GRAS domain is essential for the recognition of SLR1 by GID2
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, We propose that when the DELLA/TVHYNP motif of SLR1 binds with GID1, it enables the GRAS domain of SLR1 to interact with GID1 and that the stable GID1-SLR1 complex is efficiently recognized by GID2
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, It is assumed that interaction between GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) and the N-terminal DELLA/TVHYNP motif of SLR1 triggers F-box protein GID2-mediated SLR1 degradation
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, The GA-dependent degradation of SLR1(G576V) was reduced in Slr1-d4, and compared with SLR1, SLR1(G576V) showed reduced interaction with GID1 and almost none with GID2 when tested in yeast cells
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, Surface plasmon resonance of GID1-SLR1 and GID1-SLR1(G576V) interactions revealed that the GRAS domain of SLR1 functions to stabilize the GID1-SLR1 interaction by reducing its dissociation rate and that the G576V substitution in SLR1 diminishes this stability
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, These results suggest that the stable interaction of GID1-SLR1 through the GRAS domain is essential for the recognition of SLR1 by GID2
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of the molecular mechanism underlying gibberellin perception complex formation in rice, We propose that when the DELLA/TVHYNP motif of SLR1 binds with GID1, it enables the GRAS domain of SLR1 to interact with GID1 and that the stable GID1-SLR1 complex is efficiently recognized by GID2
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Gibberellin homeostasis and plant height control by EUI and a role for gibberellin in root gravity responses in rice, Disturbing GA homeostasis affected the expression of the GA signaling genes GID1 (GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1), GID2 and SLR1
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Gibberellin homeostasis and plant height control by EUI and a role for gibberellin in root gravity responses in rice, Disturbing GA homeostasis affected the expression of the GA signaling genes GID1 (GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1), GID2 and SLR1
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Sub1A, Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice, Notably Sub1A increased the accumulation of the GA signaling repressors Slender Rice-1 (SLR1) and SLR1 Like-1 (SLRL1) and concomitantly diminished GA-inducible gene expression under submerged conditions
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Sub1A, Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice, In the Sub1A overexpression line, SLR1 protein levels declined under prolonged submergence but were accompanied by an increase in accumulation of SLRL1, which lacks the DELLA domain
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Sub1A, Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice, Together, these results demonstrate that Sub1A limits ethylene-promoted GA responsiveness during submergence by augmenting accumulation of the GA signaling repressors SLR1 and SLRL1
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Sub1A, Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice, Submergence tolerance conferred by Sub1A is mediated by SLR1 and SLRL1 restriction of gibberellin responses in rice
  • OsSLRL2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Overexpression of a GRAS protein lacking the DELLA domain confers altered gibberellin responses in rice, SLRL1 and SLRL2 contain regions with high similarity to the C-terminal conserved domains in SLR1, but lack the N-terminal conserved region of the DELLA proteins
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice, Furthermore, an in vitro pull-down assay revealed that GID2 specifically interacted with the phosphorylated Slender Rice 1 (SLR1)
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice, Taken these results together, we conclude that the phosphorylated SLR1 is caught by the SCFGID2 complex through an interacting affinity between GID2 and phosphorylated SLR1, triggering the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of SLR1
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice, GID2, an F-box subunit of the SCF E3 complex, specifically interacts with phosphorylated SLR1 protein and regulates the gibberellin-dependent degradation of SLR1 in rice
  • OsMYBGA~OsGAMYB, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GAMYB controls different sets of genes and is differentially regulated by microRNA in aleurone cells and anthers, A microarray analysis revealed that OsGAMYB and its upstream regulator SLR1 are involved in the regulation of almost all GA-mediated gene expression in rice aleurone cells
  • OsSPY, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The rice SPINDLY gene functions as a negative regulator of gibberellin signaling by controlling the suppressive function of the DELLA protein, SLR1, and modulating brassinosteroid synthesis, The suppression of OsSPY function in a GA-insensitive mutant, gid2, also caused an increase in the phosphorylation of a rice DELLA protein, SLR1, but did not change the amount of SLR1
  • OsSPY, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The rice SPINDLY gene functions as a negative regulator of gibberellin signaling by controlling the suppressive function of the DELLA protein, SLR1, and modulating brassinosteroid synthesis, This indicates that the function of OsSPY in GA signaling is not via changes in the amount or stability of SLR1, but probably involves control of the suppressive function of SLR1
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The suppressive function of the rice DELLA protein SLR1 is dependent on its transcriptional activation activity, This activity was suppressed by the GA-dependent GID1-SLR1 interaction, which may explain why GA responses are induced in the presence of GA
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The suppressive function of the rice DELLA protein SLR1 is dependent on its transcriptional activation activity, Our results indicate that the N-terminal region of SLR1 has two roles in GA signaling: interaction with GID1 and transactivation activity
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 encodes a soluble receptor for gibberellin, Moreover, GID1 bound to SLR1, a rice DELLA protein, in a GA-dependent manner in yeast cells
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, GA perception by GID1 causes SLR1 protein degradation involving the F-box protein GID2; this triggers GA-associated responses such as shoot elongation and seed germination
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, An exception is the GA-insensitive F-box mutant gid2, which shows milder dwarfism than mutants such as gid1 and cps even though it accumulates higher levels of SLR1
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, The level of SLR1 protein in gid2 was decreased by loss of GID1 function or treatment with a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, and dwarfism was enhanced
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, Conversely, overproduction of GID1 or treatment with GA(3) increased the SLR1 level in gid2 and reduced dwarfism
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, These results indicate that derepression of SLR1 repressive activity can be accomplished by GA and GID1 alone and does not require F-box (GID2) function
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, Evidence for GA signaling without GID2 was also provided by the expression behavior of GA-regulated genes such as GA-20oxidase1, GID1, and SLR1 in the gid2 mutant
  • OsGF14e~GF14e~GID2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, GA perception by GID1 causes SLR1 protein degradation involving the F-box protein GID2; this triggers GA-associated responses such as shoot elongation and seed germination
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, An exception is the GA-insensitive F-box mutant gid2, which shows milder dwarfism than mutants such as gid1 and cps even though it accumulates higher levels of SLR1
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, The level of SLR1 protein in gid2 was decreased by loss of GID1 function or treatment with a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, and dwarfism was enhanced
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, Conversely, overproduction of GID1 or treatment with GA(3) increased the SLR1 level in gid2 and reduced dwarfism
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, These results indicate that derepression of SLR1 repressive activity can be accomplished by GA and GID1 alone and does not require F-box (GID2) function
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Release of the repressive activity of rice DELLA protein SLR1 by gibberellin does not require SLR1 degradation in the gid2 mutant, Evidence for GA signaling without GID2 was also provided by the expression behavior of GA-regulated genes such as GA-20oxidase1, GID1, and SLR1 in the gid2 mutant
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, A rice gid1 suppressor mutant reveals that gibberellin is not always required for interaction between its receptor, GID1, and DELLA proteins, GID1(P99S) interacts with the rice DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1), even in the absence of GA
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, A rice gid1 suppressor mutant reveals that gibberellin is not always required for interaction between its receptor, GID1, and DELLA proteins, This suggests that the GID1(P99A) lid is at least partially closed, resulting in both GA-independent and GA-hypersensitive interactions with SLR1
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, A rice gid1 suppressor mutant reveals that gibberellin is not always required for interaction between its receptor, GID1, and DELLA proteins, Substitution of the loop region or a few amino acids of At GID1b with those of At GID1a diminished its GA-independent interaction with GAI while maintaining the GA-dependent interaction
  • EUI1~OsCYP714D1~LG5, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, EUI1, encoding a putative cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, regulates internode elongation by modulating gibberellin responses in rice, Furthermore, apart from the alteration of expression levels of the gibberellin biosynthesis genes, accumulation of SLR1 protein was found in the overexpressing transgenic plants, indicating that the expression level of EUI1 is implicated in both gibberellin-mediated SLR1 destruction and a feedback regulation in gibberellin biosynthesis
  • DGL1~OsKTN60, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Analysis of the rice mutant dwarf and gladius leaf 1. Aberrant katanin-mediated microtubule organization causes up-regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic genes independently of gibberellin signaling, The enhanced expression of GA biosynthetic genes in dgl1 is not caused by inappropriate GA signaling because the expression of these genes was repressed by GA3 treatment, and degradation of the rice DELLA protein SLR1 was triggered by GA3 in this mutant
  • OsMYB103L~CEF1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, CEF1/OsMYB103L is involved in GA-mediated regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis in rice., Furthermore, OsMYB103L physically interacts with SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1), a DELLA repressor of GA signaling, and involved in GA-mediated regulation of cellulose synthesis pathway
  • OsMYB91, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The R2R3-type MYB gene OsMYB91 has a function in coordinating plant growth and salt stress tolerance in rice., More interestingly, SLR1, the rice homolog of Arabidopsis DELLA genes that have been shown to integrate endogenous developmental signals with adverse environmental conditions, was highly induced by OsMYB91 over-expression, while the salt-induction of SLR1 expression was impaired in the RNAi plants
  • OsMYB91, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The R2R3-type MYB gene OsMYB91 has a function in coordinating plant growth and salt stress tolerance in rice., These results suggested that OsMYB91 was a stress-responsive gene that might be involved in coordinating rice tolerance to abiotic stress and plant growth by regulating SLR1 expression
  • OsYABBY4~TOB2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The rice YABBY4 gene regulates plant growth and development through modulating the gibberellin pathway., We report on an important role for OsYABBY4 in negative control of the expression of a GA biosynthetic gene by binding to the promoter region of the gibberellin 20-oxidase 2 gene (GA20ox2), which is a direct target of SLR1 (the sole DELLA protein negatively controlling GA responses in rice)
  • OsYABBY4~TOB2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The rice YABBY4 gene regulates plant growth and development through modulating the gibberellin pathway., OsYABBY4 also suppresses the expression level of SLR1 and interacts with SLR1 protein
  • OsYABBY4~TOB2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, The rice YABBY4 gene regulates plant growth and development through modulating the gibberellin pathway., These data together suggest that OsYABBY4 serves as a DNA-binding intermediate protein for SLR1 and is associated with the GA signaling pathway regulating gene expression during plant growth and development
  • OsHGGT~HGGT~SGD1~RTD1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Rice tocopherol deficiency 1 encodes a homogentisate phytyltransferase essential for tocopherol biosynthesis and plant development in rice., The transcript and protein levels of DELLA protein-coding gene SLENDER RICE 1 (SLR1) in rice was increased in rtd1
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Characterization of a new semi-dominant dwarf allele of SLR1 and its potential application in hybrid rice breeding., Expression of SLR1 and five key GA biosynthetic genes were disturbed in Slr1-d6 and the interaction between Slr1-d6 and GID1 was decreased
  • OsGAMYBL2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, A brassinosteroid responsive miRNA-target module regulates gibberellin biosynthesis and plant development., Furthermore, OsGSK2, a key negative player in BR signaling, interacts with OsGAMYBL2 and prevents it from being degraded under 24-epibrassinolide treatment, whereas SLR1, a rice DELLA protein negatively regulating GA signaling, interacts with OsGAMYBL2 and prevents OsGAMYBL2 from binding to the target gene promoter
  • OsMADS27, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsMADS27 regulates the root development in a NO3–Dependent manner and modulates the salt tolerance in rice Oryza sativa L.., Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that OsMADS27 physically interacts with ABA-INSENSITIVE5 (OsABI5) via DELLA protein OsSLR1
  • OsJAZ9~OsTIFY11a, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Jasmonate Zim-Domain Protein 9 Interacts With Slender Rice 1 to Mediate the Antagonistic Interaction Between Jasmonic and Gibberellic Acid Signals in Rice., Together, these findings indicate that OsJAZ9 suppresses JA responses and promotes GA responses in rice, and the protein-protein interaction between OsJAZ9 and SLR1 is involved in the antagonistic interplay between JA and GA
  • OsJAZ8~OsTIFY10c, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Jasmonate Zim-Domain Protein 9 Interacts With Slender Rice 1 to Mediate the Antagonistic Interaction Between Jasmonic and Gibberellic Acid Signals in Rice., Analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that OsJAZ8 and OsJAZ9 interact with SLR1; OsJAZ9 also interacted with the SLR1-LIKE (SLRL) protein SLRL2.
  • OsJAZ9~OsTIFY11a, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Jasmonate Zim-Domain Protein 9 Interacts With Slender Rice 1 to Mediate the Antagonistic Interaction Between Jasmonic and Gibberellic Acid Signals in Rice., Analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that OsJAZ8 and OsJAZ9 interact with SLR1; OsJAZ9 also interacted with the SLR1-LIKE (SLRL) protein SLRL2.
  • MOC1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice., SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice.
  • MOC1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice., Here we show that rice tiller number regulator MONOCULM 1 (MOC1) is protected from degradation by binding to the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE 1 (SLR1)
  • MOC1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice., GAs trigger the degradation of SLR1, leading to stem elongation and also to the degradation of MOC1, and hence a decrease in tiller number
  • MOC1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLR1 inhibits MOC1 degradation to coordinate tiller number and plant height in rice., This discovery provides a molecular explanation for the coordinated control of plant height and tiller number in rice by GAs, SLR1 and MOC1
  • OsSPY, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, GWAS with principal component analysis identifies a gene comprehensively controlling rice architecture., A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using PC1 as a dependent variable was used to isolate a gene encoding rice, SPINDLY (OsSPY), that activates the gibberellin (GA) signal suppression protein SLR1
  • OsCYP20-2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Cyclophilin OsCYP20-2 with a novel variant integrates defense and cell elongation for chilling response in rice., A cypclophilin OsCYP20-2 with a variant interacts with SLR1 and OsFSD2 in nucleus and chloroplast respectively to integrate chilling tolerance and cell elongation
  • OsCYP20-2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Cyclophilin OsCYP20-2 with a novel variant integrates defense and cell elongation for chilling response in rice., In nucleus, OsCYP20-2 made conformation change of SLR1 to promote its degradation for cell elongation
  • OsIDD2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLENDER RICE1 and Oryza sativa INDETERMINATE DOMAIN2 Regulating OsmiR396 Is Involved in Stem Elongation., Rice INDETERMINATE DOMAIN2 (OsIDD2) directly binds the promoter of OsmiR396a and can interact with SLR1 in vivo and in vitro
  • OsIDD2, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, SLENDER RICE1 and Oryza sativa INDETERMINATE DOMAIN2 Regulating OsmiR396 Is Involved in Stem Elongation., The protein levels of OsIDD2 were unaffected by GA in the wild type and OsIDD2OE plants, implying that OSIDD2 promotes the expression of miR396 and likely requires the coactivator of SLR1
  • OsPIL14~OsPIF14, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 and SLENDER RICE1 interaction controls seedling growth under salt stress , Here, we show that overexpression of rice (Oryza sativa) PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 (OsPIL14), or loss of function of the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1), promotes mesocotyl and root growth, specifically in the dark and under salt stress
  • OsPIL14~OsPIF14, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 and SLENDER RICE1 interaction controls seedling growth under salt stress , Furthermore, salt induces OsPIL14 turnover but enhances SLR1 accumulation
  • OsPIL14~OsPIF14, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 and SLENDER RICE1 interaction controls seedling growth under salt stress , SLR1 physically interacts with OsPIL14 and negatively regulates its function
  • OsWRKY36~SGSD3, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Small grain and semi-dwarf 3, a WRKY transcription factor, negatively regulates plant height and grain size by stabilizing SLR1 expression in rice, The sgsd3 mutant was also hyposensitive to GA and accumulated higher mRNA and protein levels of SLR1 (a GA signaling DELLA-like inhibitor) compared with the WT
  • OsGRF6, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice
  • OsGRF6, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, CoIP-MS and BiFC assays showed that SLR1 physically interacted with OsGRF6
  • OsGRF6, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, The yeast one-hybrid, qRT-PCR, and transactivation assays showed that both SLR1 and OsGRF6 can bind to the promoter of the active GA catabolic gene OsGA2ox1, where SLR1 promoted and OsGRF6 suppressed OsGA2ox1 expression
  • OsGRF6, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, When rice seedlings were subjected to chilling stress, the repressive effect of OsGRF6 on OsGA2ox1 was released by cold-induced SLR1, which activated OsGA2ox1 expression to decrease the active GA levels, enhancing chilling tolerance
  • OsGA2ox1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice
  • OsGA2ox1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, The yeast one-hybrid, qRT-PCR, and transactivation assays showed that both SLR1 and OsGRF6 can bind to the promoter of the active GA catabolic gene OsGA2ox1, where SLR1 promoted and OsGRF6 suppressed OsGA2ox1 expression
  • OsGA2ox1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsGRF6 interacts with SLR1 to regulate OsGA2ox1 expression for coordinating chilling tolerance and growth in rice, When rice seedlings were subjected to chilling stress, the repressive effect of OsGRF6 on OsGA2ox1 was released by cold-induced SLR1, which activated OsGA2ox1 expression to decrease the active GA levels, enhancing chilling tolerance
  • OsSHR1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Genome-Wide Identification, Transcript Profiling and Bioinformatic Analyses of GRAS Transcription Factor Genes in Rice., OsGRAS39 was found to be a highly expressive gene under sheath blight infection and both abiotic stress treatments while OsGRAS8, OsSHR1 and OsSLR1 were also responsive
  • OsNAC055, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Transcription factor OsNAC055 regulates GA-mediated lignin biosynthesis in rice straw., Moreover, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complement (BiFC) assays indicated that OsNAC055 interacts with SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1), the repressor in GA signaling
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, TDR, WRKY53 negatively regulates rice cold tolerance at the booting stage by fine-tuning anther gibberellin levels., In addition, we uncover a possible mechanism by which GA regulates male fertility: SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) interacts with and sequesters two critical transcription factors for tapetum development, UNDEVELOPED TAPETUM1 (UDT1), and TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION (TDR), and GA alleviates the sequestration by SLR1, thus allowing UDT1 and TDR to activate transcription
  • SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Udt1, WRKY53 negatively regulates rice cold tolerance at the booting stage by fine-tuning anther gibberellin levels., In addition, we uncover a possible mechanism by which GA regulates male fertility: SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) interacts with and sequesters two critical transcription factors for tapetum development, UNDEVELOPED TAPETUM1 (UDT1), and TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION (TDR), and GA alleviates the sequestration by SLR1, thus allowing UDT1 and TDR to activate transcription
  • GID1~OsGID1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, Independently evolved viral effectors convergently suppress DELLA protein SLR1-mediated broad-spectrum antiviral immunity in rice., Viral proteins encoded by different types of rice viruses all directly trigger the rapid degradation of SLR1 by promoting association with the GA receptor OsGID1
  • OsNF-YA3, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsNF-YA3 regulates plant growth and osmotic stress tolerance by interacting with SLR1 and SAPK9 in rice., OsNF-YA3 regulates plant growth and osmotic stress tolerance by interacting with SLR1 and SAPK9 in rice.
  • OsNF-YA3, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsNF-YA3 regulates plant growth and osmotic stress tolerance by interacting with SLR1 and SAPK9 in rice., Furthermore, the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) physically interacts with OsNF-YA3 and thus inhibits its transcriptional activity
  • OsCSN1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsCSN1 regulates the growth of rice seedlings through the GA signaling pathway in blue light., Blue light regulates the degradation of SLR1 through OsCSN1, which regulates the growth and development of rice seedling height, the first incomplete leaf, and the coleoptile
  • OsCSN1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, OsCSN1 regulates the growth of rice seedlings through the GA signaling pathway in blue light., OsCSN1 regulates the nuclear localization of COP1 through the COP9 signaling complex and degrades SLR1 through CUL4-based E3 ligase
  • OsDOR1, SLR1~OsGAI~OsSLR1, A rice seed-specific glycine-rich protein OsDOR1 interacts with GID1 to repress GA signaling and regulates seed dormancy., Co-expression of OsDOR1 with OsGID1 in rice protoplasts attenuated the GA-dependent degradation of OsSLR1, the key repressor of GA signaling

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