RFT1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags floral  flower  heading date  shoot apical meristem  meristem  shoot  floral meristem  flowering time  growth  grain  development  grain number  grain yield  plant height  grain weight  inflorescence 

• Information
  • Symbol: RFT1
  • MSU: LOC_Os06g06300
  • RAPdb: Os06g0157500
• Publication
  • Knockdown of SAMS genes encoding S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetases causes methylation alterations of DNAs and histones and leads to late flowering in rice, 2011, J Plant Physiol.
  • Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1, 2011, Plant Cell Rep.
  • Molecular dissection of the roles of phytochrome in photoperiodic flowering in rice, 2011, Plant Physiol.
  • Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, 2008, Development.
  • A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, 2009, Development.
  • OsMADS50 and OsMADS56 function antagonistically in regulating long day LD-dependent flowering in rice, 2009, Plant Cell Environ.
  • Rice Indeterminate 1 OsId1 is necessary for the expression of Ehd1 Early heading date 1 regardless of photoperiod, 2008, Plant J.
  • OsCOL4 is a constitutive flowering repressor upstream of Ehd1 and downstream of OsphyB, 2010, Plant J.
  • LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, 2012, J Integr Plant Biol.
  • Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice, 2013, PLoS Genet.
  • A major QTL, Ghd8, plays pleiotropic roles in regulating grain productivity, plant height, and heading date in rice, 2011, Mol Plant.
  • The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, 2012, Plant Cell.
  • Flowering time genes Heading date 1 and Early heading date 1 together control panicle development in rice, 2011, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, 2008, Plant Physiol.
  • Association of functional nucleotide polymorphisms at DTH2 with the northward expansion of rice cultivation in Asia, 2013, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
  • Natural variation of the RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 contributes to flowering time divergence in rice, 2013, PLoS One.
  • Distinct regulatory role for RFL, the rice LFY homolog, in determining flowering time and plant architecture, 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
  • OsVIL2 functions with PRC2 to induce flowering by repressing OsLFL1 in rice, 2013, Plant J.
  • Hd16, a gene for casein kinase I, is involved in the control of rice flowering time by modulating the day-length response, 2013, Plant J.
  • Rice Flowering Locus T 1 plays an important role in heading date influencing yield traits in rice., 2017, Sci Rep.
  • Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., 2019, Mol Cells.
  • Pleiotropic Effects of Rice Florigen Gene RFT1 on the Amino Acid Content of Unmilled Rice., 2020, Front Genet.
  • Nitrogen Mediates Flowering Time and Nitrogen Use Efficiency via Floral Regulators in Rice, 2020, Curr Biol.
  • Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of heading date in rice, 2020, New Phytol.
  • OsRRM, an RNA-Binding Protein, Modulates Sugar Transport in Rice Oryza sativa L., 2020, Front Plant Sci.
  • Overexpression of a methyl-CpG-binding protein gene OsMBD707 leads to larger tiller angles and reduced photoperiod sensitivity in rice, 2021, BMC Plant Biol.
• Genbank accession number
  • AB838427
  • AB838440
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  • AB838576
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• Key message
  • In addition, expression of the Hd3a and Rice Flowering-locus T 1 (RFT1) florigen genes was up-regulated in leaves of the Hd1 Ehd1 line at the time of the floral transition
  • Knockdown of OsSAMS1, 2 and 3 led to distinguished late flowering and greatly reduced the expression of the flowering key genes, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Hd3a and RFT1 (rice FT-like genes)
  • RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1/FT-L3) is the closest homologue of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), which is thought to encode a mobile flowering signal and promote floral transition under short-day (SD) conditions
  • Although RFT1 RNAi plants flowered normally, double RFT1-Hd3a RNAi plants did not flower up to 300 days after sowing (DAS), indicating that Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice
  • RFT1 expression was very low in wild-type plants, but there was a marked increase in RFT1 expression by 70 DAS in Hd3a RNAi plants, which flowered 90 DAS
  • Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice
  • We show here that RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1), the closest homolog to Heading date 3a (Hd3a), is a major floral activator under LD conditions
  • An RFT1:GFP fusion protein localized in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) under LD conditions, suggesting that RFT1 is a florigen gene in rice
  • By regulating Ehd1, RFT1, and Hd3a, Ghd8 delayed flowering under long-day conditions, but promoted flowering under short-day conditions
  • To assign the position of Ehd2 within the flowering pathway of rice, we compared transcript levels of previously isolated flowering-time genes, such as Ehd1, a member of the unique pathway, Hd3a, and Rice FT-like1 (RFT1; rice florigens), between the wild-type plants and the ehd2 mutants
  • Severely reduced expression of these genes in ehd2 under both short- and long-day conditions suggests that Ehd2 acts as a flowering promoter mainly by up-regulating Ehd1 and by up-regulating the downstream Hd3a and RFT1 genes in the unique genetic network of photoperiodic flowering in rice
  • The Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) which promotes the RFT1, was up-regulated by DTH3 in both LD and SD conditions
  • A rice ortholog of Arabidopsis APETALA1, OsMADS14, was expressed in the floral meristem in wild-type but not in RFT1 RNAi plants, suggesting that OsMADS14 is activated by RFT1 protein in the SAM after the transition to flowering
  • Among these regulators, Ehd1, a rice-specific floral inducer, integrates multiple pathways to regulate RFT1, leading to flowering under appropriate photoperiod conditions
  • OsId1 regulates the expression of Ehd1 (Early heading date 1) and its downstream genes, including Hd3a (a rice ortholog of FT) and RFT1 (Rice Flowering Locus T1), under both SD and LD conditions
  • This indicates that LHD1 may delay flowering by repressing the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions
  • We also found that LHD1 could down-regulate the expression of several floral transition activators such as Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions, but not under short-day conditions
  • Furthermore, SNPs in the regulatory region of RFT1 and the E105K substitution in 1,397 accessions show strong linkage disequilibrium with a flowering time-associated SNP
  • These findings indicate that natural mutations in RFT1 provide flowering time divergence under long-day conditions
  • These results indicate that Hd3a and RFT1 act as floral activators under SD conditions, and that RFT1 expression is partly regulated by chromatin modification
  • This suggests that the divergent functions of paralogs RFT1 and Hd3a, and of MADS50 and MADS51, are in part due to differential H3K36me2/3 deposition, which also correlates with higher expression levels of MADS50 and RFT1 in flowering promotion in rice
  • The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice
  • Furthermore, mutants in OsMADS50, a rice ortholog of Arabidopsis SUPPRESOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) did not flower up to 300 days after sowing under LD conditions, indicating that OsMADS50, which acts upstream of RFT1, promotes flowering under LD conditions
  • We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice
  • Here, we demonstrate that functional defects in the florigen gene RFT1 are the main cause of late flowering in an indica cultivar, Nona Bokra
  • Mapping and complementation studies revealed that sequence polymorphisms in the RFT1 regulatory and coding regions are likely to cause late flowering under long-day conditions
  • Sequencing of the RFT1 region in rice accessions from a global collection showed that the E105K mutation is found only in indica, and indicated a strong association between the RFT1 haplotype and extremely late flowering in a functional Hd1 background
  • The RFT1 (ZS97) allele was shown to delay heading and increase plant height, grain weight, grain number and grain yield, indicating that RFT1 plays an important role in the growth and development of rice
  • To further our study of RFT1 , we overexpressed the gene and examined the expression patterns of major regulatory genes during floral transition and inflorescence development
  • This indicated that RFT1 promotes the expression of major regulatory genes that are important for inflorescence development
  • RFT1 overexpression also induced SEPALLATA (SEP)-clade genes OsMADS1 , OsMADS5 , and OsMADS7 in the greening calli before floral transition occurred
  • Here, we reported that rice florigen gene RFT1 plays an important role in controlling amino acid contents of rice grain
• Connection
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Knockdown of SAMS genes encoding S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetases causes methylation alterations of DNAs and histones and leads to late flowering in rice, Knockdown of OsSAMS1, 2 and 3 led to distinguished late flowering and greatly reduced the expression of the flowering key genes, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Hd3a and RFT1 (rice FT-like genes)
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsSAMS1, Knockdown of SAMS genes encoding S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetases causes methylation alterations of DNAs and histones and leads to late flowering in rice, Knockdown of OsSAMS1, 2 and 3 led to distinguished late flowering and greatly reduced the expression of the flowering key genes, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Hd3a and RFT1 (rice FT-like genes)
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Knockdown of SAMS genes encoding S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetases causes methylation alterations of DNAs and histones and leads to late flowering in rice, Knockdown of OsSAMS1, 2 and 3 led to distinguished late flowering and greatly reduced the expression of the flowering key genes, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Hd3a and RFT1 (rice FT-like genes)
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1, The Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) which promotes the RFT1, was up-regulated by DTH3 in both LD and SD conditions
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1, The Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) which promotes the RFT1, was up-regulated by DTH3 in both LD and SD conditions
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS14, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, In the absence of Hd3a and RFT1 expression, transcription of OsMADS14 and OsMADS15, two rice orthologues of Arabidopsis APETALA1, was strongly reduced, suggesting that they act downstream of Hd3a and RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS15~DEP, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, In the absence of Hd3a and RFT1 expression, transcription of OsMADS14 and OsMADS15, two rice orthologues of Arabidopsis APETALA1, was strongly reduced, suggesting that they act downstream of Hd3a and RFT1
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1/FT-L3) is the closest homologue of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), which is thought to encode a mobile flowering signal and promote floral transition under short-day (SD) conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, Although RFT1 RNAi plants flowered normally, double RFT1-Hd3a RNAi plants did not flower up to 300 days after sowing (DAS), indicating that Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, RFT1 expression was very low in wild-type plants, but there was a marked increase in RFT1 expression by 70 DAS in Hd3a RNAi plants, which flowered 90 DAS
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, In the absence of Hd3a and RFT1 expression, transcription of OsMADS14 and OsMADS15, two rice orthologues of Arabidopsis APETALA1, was strongly reduced, suggesting that they act downstream of Hd3a and RFT1
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, These results indicate that Hd3a and RFT1 act as floral activators under SD conditions, and that RFT1 expression is partly regulated by chromatin modification
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice, Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, Among these regulators, Ehd1, a rice-specific floral inducer, integrates multiple pathways to regulate RFT1, leading to flowering under appropriate photoperiod conditions
  • Ghd7, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • Hd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, PHYB~OsphyB, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, Furthermore, mutants in OsMADS50, a rice ortholog of Arabidopsis SUPPRESOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) did not flower up to 300 days after sowing under LD conditions, indicating that OsMADS50, which acts upstream of RFT1, promotes flowering under LD conditions
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, We propose that both positive (OsMADS50 and Ehd1) and negative (Hd1, phyB and Ghd7) regulators of RFT1 form a gene network that regulates LD flowering in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS14, A gene network for long-day flowering activates RFT1 encoding a mobile flowering signal in rice, A rice ortholog of Arabidopsis APETALA1, OsMADS14, was expressed in the floral meristem in wild-type but not in RFT1 RNAi plants, suggesting that OsMADS14 is activated by RFT1 protein in the SAM after the transition to flowering
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50 and OsMADS56 function antagonistically in regulating long day LD-dependent flowering in rice, In the osmads50 mutants and 56OX transgenic plants, transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 were reduced, although that of OsLFL1 increased
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50 and OsMADS56 function antagonistically in regulating long day LD-dependent flowering in rice, In the osmads50 mutants and 56OX transgenic plants, transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 were reduced, although that of OsLFL1 increased
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLFL1, OsMADS50 and OsMADS56 function antagonistically in regulating long day LD-dependent flowering in rice, In the osmads50 mutants and 56OX transgenic plants, transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 were reduced, although that of OsLFL1 increased
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, OsMADS50 and OsMADS56 function antagonistically in regulating long day LD-dependent flowering in rice, In the osmads50 mutants and 56OX transgenic plants, transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 were reduced, although that of OsLFL1 increased
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Rice Indeterminate 1 OsId1 is necessary for the expression of Ehd1 Early heading date 1 regardless of photoperiod, OsId1 regulates the expression of Ehd1 (Early heading date 1) and its downstream genes, including Hd3a (a rice ortholog of FT) and RFT1 (Rice Flowering Locus T1), under both SD and LD conditions
  • OsCOL4, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsCOL4 is a constitutive flowering repressor upstream of Ehd1 and downstream of OsphyB, Transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 were increased in the oscol4 mutants, but reduced in the OsCOL4-D mutants
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsCOL4 is a constitutive flowering repressor upstream of Ehd1 and downstream of OsphyB, Transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 were increased in the oscol4 mutants, but reduced in the OsCOL4-D mutants
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsCOL4 is a constitutive flowering repressor upstream of Ehd1 and downstream of OsphyB, Transcripts of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 were increased in the oscol4 mutants, but reduced in the OsCOL4-D mutants
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, We also found that LHD1 could down-regulate the expression of several floral transition activators such as Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions, but not under short-day conditions
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, This indicates that LHD1 may delay flowering by repressing the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions
  • Hd5~DTH8~Ghd8~OsHAP3H~LHD1~EF8~CAR8~OsNF-YB11, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, We also found that LHD1 could down-regulate the expression of several floral transition activators such as Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions, but not under short-day conditions
  • Hd5~DTH8~Ghd8~OsHAP3H~LHD1~EF8~CAR8~OsNF-YB11, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, This indicates that LHD1 may delay flowering by repressing the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, We also found that LHD1 could down-regulate the expression of several floral transition activators such as Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions, but not under short-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, LHD1, an allele of DTH8/Ghd8, controls late heading date in common wild rice Oryza rufipogon, This indicates that LHD1 may delay flowering by repressing the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under long-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice, We show that Ehd4 up-regulates the expression of the “florigen” genes Hd3a and RFT1 through Ehd1, but it acts independently of other known Ehd1 regulators
  • Ehd4, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice, We show that Ehd4 up-regulates the expression of the “florigen” genes Hd3a and RFT1 through Ehd1, but it acts independently of other known Ehd1 regulators
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd4 encodes a novel and Oryza-genus-specific regulator of photoperiodic flowering in rice, We show that Ehd4 up-regulates the expression of the “florigen” genes Hd3a and RFT1 through Ehd1, but it acts independently of other known Ehd1 regulators
  • Hd5~DTH8~Ghd8~OsHAP3H~LHD1~EF8~CAR8~OsNF-YB11, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A major QTL, Ghd8, plays pleiotropic roles in regulating grain productivity, plant height, and heading date in rice, By regulating Ehd1, RFT1, and Hd3a, Ghd8 delayed flowering under long-day conditions, but promoted flowering under short-day conditions
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A major QTL, Ghd8, plays pleiotropic roles in regulating grain productivity, plant height, and heading date in rice, By regulating Ehd1, RFT1, and Hd3a, Ghd8 delayed flowering under long-day conditions, but promoted flowering under short-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A major QTL, Ghd8, plays pleiotropic roles in regulating grain productivity, plant height, and heading date in rice, By regulating Ehd1, RFT1, and Hd3a, Ghd8 delayed flowering under long-day conditions, but promoted flowering under short-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, This suggests that the divergent functions of paralogs RFT1 and Hd3a, and of MADS50 and MADS51, are in part due to differential H3K36me2/3 deposition, which also correlates with higher expression levels of MADS50 and RFT1 in flowering promotion in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that lvp1 had reduced levels of H3K36me2/3 at MADS50 and RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, This suggests that the divergent functions of paralogs RFT1 and Hd3a, and of MADS50 and MADS51, are in part due to differential H3K36me2/3 deposition, which also correlates with higher expression levels of MADS50 and RFT1 in flowering promotion in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS50~OsSOC1~DTH3, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS51~OsMADS65, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, This suggests that the divergent functions of paralogs RFT1 and Hd3a, and of MADS50 and MADS51, are in part due to differential H3K36me2/3 deposition, which also correlates with higher expression levels of MADS50 and RFT1 in flowering promotion in rice
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SDG724~lvp1, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that lvp1 had reduced levels of H3K36me2/3 at MADS50 and RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SDG724~lvp1, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice, The histone methyltransferase SDG724 mediates H3K36me2/3 deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and promotes flowering in rice
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Flowering time genes Heading date 1 and Early heading date 1 together control panicle development in rice, In addition, expression of the Hd3a and Rice Flowering-locus T 1 (RFT1) florigen genes was up-regulated in leaves of the Hd1 Ehd1 line at the time of the floral transition
  • Hd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Flowering time genes Heading date 1 and Early heading date 1 together control panicle development in rice, In addition, expression of the Hd3a and Rice Flowering-locus T 1 (RFT1) florigen genes was up-regulated in leaves of the Hd1 Ehd1 line at the time of the floral transition
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Flowering time genes Heading date 1 and Early heading date 1 together control panicle development in rice, In addition, expression of the Hd3a and Rice Flowering-locus T 1 (RFT1) florigen genes was up-regulated in leaves of the Hd1 Ehd1 line at the time of the floral transition
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, To assign the position of Ehd2 within the flowering pathway of rice, we compared transcript levels of previously isolated flowering-time genes, such as Ehd1, a member of the unique pathway, Hd3a, and Rice FT-like1 (RFT1; rice florigens), between the wild-type plants and the ehd2 mutants
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, Severely reduced expression of these genes in ehd2 under both short- and long-day conditions suggests that Ehd2 acts as a flowering promoter mainly by up-regulating Ehd1 and by up-regulating the downstream Hd3a and RFT1 genes in the unique genetic network of photoperiodic flowering in rice
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, To assign the position of Ehd2 within the flowering pathway of rice, we compared transcript levels of previously isolated flowering-time genes, such as Ehd1, a member of the unique pathway, Hd3a, and Rice FT-like1 (RFT1; rice florigens), between the wild-type plants and the ehd2 mutants
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, Severely reduced expression of these genes in ehd2 under both short- and long-day conditions suggests that Ehd2 acts as a flowering promoter mainly by up-regulating Ehd1 and by up-regulating the downstream Hd3a and RFT1 genes in the unique genetic network of photoperiodic flowering in rice
  • Ehd2~RID1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, To assign the position of Ehd2 within the flowering pathway of rice, we compared transcript levels of previously isolated flowering-time genes, such as Ehd1, a member of the unique pathway, Hd3a, and Rice FT-like1 (RFT1; rice florigens), between the wild-type plants and the ehd2 mutants
  • Ehd2~RID1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Ehd2, a rice ortholog of the maize INDETERMINATE1 gene, promotes flowering by up-regulating Ehd1, Severely reduced expression of these genes in ehd2 under both short- and long-day conditions suggests that Ehd2 acts as a flowering promoter mainly by up-regulating Ehd1 and by up-regulating the downstream Hd3a and RFT1 genes in the unique genetic network of photoperiodic flowering in rice
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsVIL2 functions with PRC2 to induce flowering by repressing OsLFL1 in rice, In osvil2 mutants OsLFL1 expression was increased, but that of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was reduced
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsVIL2 functions with PRC2 to induce flowering by repressing OsLFL1 in rice, In osvil2 mutants OsLFL1 expression was increased, but that of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was reduced
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLFL1, OsVIL2 functions with PRC2 to induce flowering by repressing OsLFL1 in rice, In osvil2 mutants OsLFL1 expression was increased, but that of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was reduced
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsVIL2, OsVIL2 functions with PRC2 to induce flowering by repressing OsLFL1 in rice, In osvil2 mutants OsLFL1 expression was increased, but that of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was reduced
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd16, a gene for casein kinase I, is involved in the control of rice flowering time by modulating the day-length response, In a near-isogenic line with the weak-photoperiod-sensitivity allele of Hd16, transcription levels of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 increased under long-day conditions, and transcription levels of Hd3a and RFT1 decreased under short-day conditions
  • CKI~EL1~Hd16, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd16, a gene for casein kinase I, is involved in the control of rice flowering time by modulating the day-length response, In a near-isogenic line with the weak-photoperiod-sensitivity allele of Hd16, transcription levels of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 increased under long-day conditions, and transcription levels of Hd3a and RFT1 decreased under short-day conditions
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd16, a gene for casein kinase I, is involved in the control of rice flowering time by modulating the day-length response, In a near-isogenic line with the weak-photoperiod-sensitivity allele of Hd16, transcription levels of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 increased under long-day conditions, and transcription levels of Hd3a and RFT1 decreased under short-day conditions
  • Ghd7.1~Hd2~OsPRR37~DTH7, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Days to heading 7, a major quantitative locus determining photoperiod sensitivity and regional adaptation in rice., We show that in long days DTH7 acts downstream of the photoreceptor phytochrome B to repress the expression of Ehd1, an up-regulator of the "florigen" genes (Hd3a and RFT1), leading to delayed flowering
  • Hd5~DTH8~Ghd8~OsHAP3H~LHD1~EF8~CAR8~OsNF-YB11, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, EF8 is involved in photoperiodic flowering pathway and chlorophyll biogenesis in rice., Our data showed that EF8 delayed flowering time under long-day conditions by altering the rhythmic expression patterns of ‘florigen’ genes Hd3a and RFT1
  • OsCCT01, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Three CCT domain-containing genes were identified to regulate heading date by candidate gene-based association mapping and transformation in rice., The overexpression of OsCCT01 delayed flowering through suppressing the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 under both long day and short day conditions
  • MRG702, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, MRG702, a reader protein of H3K4me3 and H3K36me3, is involved in brassinosteroid-regulated growth and flowering time control in rice., Gene transcription analyses showed that MRG702 knock-down resulted in the down-regulation of BR-related genes, including D11, BRI1, and BU1, and several flowering genes including Ehd1, Ehd2/OsID1/RID1, Ehd3,OsMADS50, Hd3a, and RFT1
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 Ehd1 and Heading date 3a Hd3a/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 RFT1 control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice Oryza sativa., Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) and Heading date 3a (Hd3a)/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (RFT1) control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice (Oryza sativa).
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 Ehd1 and Heading date 3a Hd3a/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 RFT1 control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice Oryza sativa., Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) regulates Hd3a and RFT1
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 Ehd1 and Heading date 3a Hd3a/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 RFT1 control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice Oryza sativa., We demonstrated that, in an ehd1 mutant background, Hd3a was silenced, but RFT1 was expressed (although at lower levels than in plants with a functional Ehd1) under short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) conditions
  • Ehd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 Ehd1 and Heading date 3a Hd3a/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 RFT1 control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice Oryza sativa., We identified a nonfunctional RFT1 allele (rft1); the lines carrying homozygous ehd1 and Hd3a/rft1 failed to induce the floral transition under SD and LD conditions
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SDG708, SET DOMAIN GROUP 708, a histone H3 lysine 36-specific methyltransferase, controls flowering time in rice Oryza sativa, Compared with the wild-type, SDG708-knockdown rice mutants displayed a late-flowering phenotype under both long-day and short-day conditions because of the down-regulation of the key flowering regulatory genes Heading date 3a (Hd3a), RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (RFT1), and Early heading date 1 (Ehd1).
  • OsCOL10, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsCOL10, a CONSTANS-like gene, functions as a flowering-time repressor downstream of Ghd7 in rice., Further studies show that OsCOL10 represses the expression of the FT-like genes RFT1 and Hd3a through Ehd1
  • HDR1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, The Oryza sativa Regulator HDR1 Associates with the Kinase OsK4 to Control Photoperiodic Flowering., We determined that HDR1 is a novel suppressor of flowering that upregulates Hd1 and downregulates Ehd1, leading to the downregulation of Hd3a and RFT1 under LDs
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a, RFT1 and Ehd1 integrate photoperiodic and drought stress signals to delay the floral transition in rice., Hd3a, RFT1 and Ehd1 integrate photoperiodic and drought stress signals to delay the floral transition in rice.
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd3a, RFT1 and Ehd1 integrate photoperiodic and drought stress signals to delay the floral transition in rice., Exposure to drought stress under floral-inductive photoperiods strongly reduced transcription of EARLY HEADING DATE 1 (Ehd1), HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1), primary integrators of day length signals, providing a molecular connection between stress and the photoperiodic pathway
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Se14, Se14, encoding a JmjC domain-containing protein, plays key roles in long-day suppression of rice flowering through the demethylation of H3K4me3 of RFT1., Se14, encoding a JmjC domain-containing protein, plays key roles in long-day suppression of rice flowering through the demethylation of H3K4me3 of RFT1.
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Se14, Se14, encoding a JmjC domain-containing protein, plays key roles in long-day suppression of rice flowering through the demethylation of H3K4me3 of RFT1., We conclude that Se14 is a novel photoperiod-sensitivity gene that has a suppressive effect on floral transition (flowering time) under long day-length conditions through the modification of chromatin structure by H3K4me3 demethylation in the promoter region of RFT1
  • Hd18, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Hd18, encoding histone acetylase related to Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS D, is involved in the control of flowering time in rice., Compared with those in Koshihikari, the expression levels of the flowering-time genes Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Heading date 3a (Hd3a), and Rice flowering locus T1 (RFT1) were lower in a near-isogenic line with the Hayamasari Hd18 allele in a Koshihikari genetic background
  • OsCOL13, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, A CONSTANS-like transcriptional activator, OsCOL13, functions as a negative regulator of flowering downstream of OsphyB and upstream of Ehd1 in rice., OsCOL13 suppresses the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 by repressing Ehd1, but has no relationship with other known Ehd1 regulators as determined by using mutants or near isogenic lines
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsHAPL1, The OsHAPL1-DTH8-Hd1 complex functions as the transcription regulator to repress heading date in rice., Further studies showed that OsHAPL1 represses the expression of the florigen genes and FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) and Hd3a through Early heading date 1 (Ehd1)
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsHAPL1, The OsHAPL1-DTH8-Hd1 complex functions as the transcription regulator to repress heading date in rice., We propose that OsHAPL1 functions as a transcriptional regulator and, together with DTH8, Hd1, the HAP complex, and general transcription factors, regulates the expression of target genes and then affects heading date by influencing the expression of Hd3a and RFT1 through Ehd1
  • OsCOL10, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Flowering time regulation by the CONSTANS-Like gene OsCOL10., Through transgenic analysis, we have showed that OsCOL10 repress flowering by reducing expression of the FT-like genes RFT1 and Hd3a through Ehd1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SID1~OsIDD4, Suppressor of rid1 SID1 shares common targets with RID1 on florigen genes to initiate floral transition in rice., Further analyses showed SID1 and RID1 directly target the promoter regions of Hd3a and RFT1, two florigen genes in rice
  • OsFTIP1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsFTIP1-Mediated Regulation of Florigen Transport in Rice Is Negatively Regulated by a Ubiquitin-like Domain Kinase OsUbDKγ4., Here we show that rice FT-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1 (OsFTIP1), a member of the family of multiple C2 domain and transmembrane region proteins (MCTPs) and the closest ortholog of Arabidopsis FTIP1, is required for export of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) from companion cells to sieve elements
  • OsFTIP1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsFTIP1-Mediated Regulation of Florigen Transport in Rice Is Negatively Regulated by a Ubiquitin-like Domain Kinase OsUbDKγ4., We further reveal that a ubiquitin-like domain kinase γ4, OsUbDKγ4, interacts with OsFTIP1, and modulates its degradation in leaves through the 26S proteasome, which in turn affects RFT1 transport to the SAM
  • OsFTIP1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsFTIP1-Mediated Regulation of Florigen Transport in Rice Is Negatively Regulated by a Ubiquitin-like Domain Kinase OsUbDKγ4., Thus, dynamic modulation of OsFTIP1 abundance in leaves by a negative regulator OsUbDKγ4 is integral to the role of OsFTIP1 in mediating RFT1 transport in rice, and provide key evidence for a conserved role of FTIP1-like MCTPs in mediating florigen transport in flowering plants
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, PLA3~OsLBD3-7~OsLBD37, OsLBD37 and OsLBD38, two class II type LBD proteins, are involved in the regulation of heading date by controlling the expression of Ehd1 in rice., Further analysis revealed that OsLBD37 and OsLBD38 delayed heading date by down-regulating the expression of the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 through key regulator of heading date Ehd1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLBD38, OsLBD37 and OsLBD38, two class II type LBD proteins, are involved in the regulation of heading date by controlling the expression of Ehd1 in rice., Further analysis revealed that OsLBD37 and OsLBD38 delayed heading date by down-regulating the expression of the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 through key regulator of heading date Ehd1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS7~OsMADS45, Ectopic expression of OsMADS45 activates the upstream genes Hd3a and RFT1 at an early development stage causing early flowering in rice., Ectopic expression of OsMADS45 activates the upstream genes Hd3a and RFT1 at an early development stage causing early flowering in rice.
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS7~OsMADS45, Ectopic expression of OsMADS45 activates the upstream genes Hd3a and RFT1 at an early development stage causing early flowering in rice., OsMADS45 overexpression did not alter the oscillating rhythm of the examined floral regulatory genes but advanced (by approximately 20 days) the up-regulate of two florigens, Hd3a (Heading Date 3a) and RFT1 (RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1) and suppressed the expression of Hd1 at the juvenile stage
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS7~OsMADS45, Ectopic expression of OsMADS45 activates the upstream genes Hd3a and RFT1 at an early development stage causing early flowering in rice., These results indicate that in transgenic rice, OsMADS45 overexpressing ectopically activates the upstream genes Hd3a and RFT1 at early development stage and up-regulates the expression of OsMADS14 and OsMADS18, which induces early flowering
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SDG701, SET DOMAIN GROUP701 encodes a H3K4-methytransferase and regulates multiple key processes of rice plant development., Consistently, the SDG701 protein was found to bind chromatin to promote H3K4me3 and to enhance expression of the rice Hd3a and RFT1 florigens
  • OsCOL16, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsCOL16, encoding a CONSTANS-like protein, represses flowering by up-regulating Ghd7 expression in rice., We determined that OsCOL16 up-regulates the expression of the floral repressor Ghd7, leading to down-regulation of the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1
  • HBF1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Antagonistic Transcription Factor Complexes Modulate the Floral Transition in Rice., However, additional bZIPs, including Hd3a BINDING REPRESSOR FACTOR 1 (HBF1) and HBF2 form repressor complexes that reduce Hd3a and RFT1 expression to delay flowering
  • HBF2, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Antagonistic Transcription Factor Complexes Modulate the Floral Transition in Rice., However, additional bZIPs, including Hd3a BINDING REPRESSOR FACTOR 1 (HBF1) and HBF2 form repressor complexes that reduce Hd3a and RFT1 expression to delay flowering
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsHDT1~HDT701, Histone Deacetylase 701 HDT701 Induces Flowering in Rice by Modulating Expression of OsIDS1., Expression levels of florigens Heading date 3a (Hd3a) and Rice Flowering Locus<U+00A0>T1 (RFT1), and their immediate upstream floral activator Early<U+00A0>heading date 1 (Ehd1), were significantly decreased in the<U+00A0>hdt701 mutants, indicating that HDT701 functions upstream of Ehd1 in controlling flowering time
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsPHL3, Identification of a G2-like transcription factor, OsPHL3, functions as a negative regulator of flowering in rice by co-expression and reverse genetic analysis., Further analysis indicated that OsPHL3 delayed flowering time by down-regulating the expression of Hd3a and RFT1 through promoting Hd1 under long-day conditions (LDs), or suppressing Ehd1/Hd1 under short-day conditions (SDs)
  • Hd1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Loss-of-Function Alleles of Heading date 1 Hd1 Are Associated With Adaptation of Temperate Japonica Rice Plants to the Tropical Region., We analyzed the 45 diverse rice accessions and 12 tropical-adapted temperate japonica lines for the allele types of seven major flowering genes Hd1, OsPPR37, DTH8, Ghd7, Ehd1, RFT1, and Hd3a and flowering time under three different field conditions in temperate and tropical locations
  • OsFD1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., We found it interesting that expression of OsFD1 as well as OsFD2 and OsFD3 was strongly increased in the RFT1 -expressing calli and spikelets
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., FRUITFULL (FUL) clade genes OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, and OsMADS18 were highly induced in the RFT1 -expressing meristems
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., RFT1 overexpression also induced SEPALLATA (SEP)-clade genes OsMADS1 , OsMADS5 , and OsMADS7 in the greening calli before floral transition occurred
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., This indicated that OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, OsMADS18 , and OsMADS34 act immediately downstream of RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS14, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., FRUITFULL (FUL) clade genes OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, and OsMADS18 were highly induced in the RFT1 -expressing meristems
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS14, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., This indicated that OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, OsMADS18 , and OsMADS34 act immediately downstream of RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS18, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., FRUITFULL (FUL) clade genes OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, and OsMADS18 were highly induced in the RFT1 -expressing meristems
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS18, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., This indicated that OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, OsMADS18 , and OsMADS34 act immediately downstream of RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS34~PAP2, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., This indicated that OsMADS14 , OsMADS1 5, OsMADS18 , and OsMADS34 act immediately downstream of RFT1
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS5, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., RFT1 overexpression also induced SEPALLATA (SEP)-clade genes OsMADS1 , OsMADS5 , and OsMADS7 in the greening calli before floral transition occurred
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsMADS7~OsMADS45, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., RFT1 overexpression also induced SEPALLATA (SEP)-clade genes OsMADS1 , OsMADS5 , and OsMADS7 in the greening calli before floral transition occurred
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SaM, Overexpression of RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 RFT1 Induces Extremely Early Flowering in Rice., RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) is a major florigen that functions to induce reproductive development in the shoot apical meristem (SAM)
  • OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, SIP1~OsSUF4, The transcription factor OsSUF4 interacts with SDG725 in promoting H3K36me3 establishment., Here, we show that the transcription factor OsSUF4 recognizes a specific 7-bp DNA element, broadly distributes throughout the rice genome, and recruits the H3K36 methyltransferase SDG725 to target a set of genes including the key florigen genes RFT1 and Hd3a to promote flowering in rice
  • Hd3a, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Pleiotropic Effects of Rice Florigen Gene RFT1 on the Amino Acid Content of Unmilled Rice., Then, the effect of the largest cluster consisting of 14 QTLs, located in proximity to the rice florigen genes RFT1 and Hd3a, was validated using three populations consisting of near isogenic lines (NILs) that only segregated a region covering the target QTL
  • Ghd7.1~Hd2~OsPRR37~DTH7, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, OsPRR37 Alternatively Promotes Heading Date Through Suppressing the Expression of Ghd7 in the Japonica Variety Zhonghua 11 under Natural Long-Day Conditions, Consistently, the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was enhanced by OsPRR37 in the ZH11 background
  • OsFD1, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, Phosphorylation of OsFD1 by OsCIPK3 Promotes the Formation of RFT1-containing Florigen Activation Complex for Long-day Flowering in Rice, We show that RFT1 forms a ternary FAC with 14-3-3 proteins and OsFD1 for flowering under LDs
  • Ghd7, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, High Ambient Temperatures Inhibit Ghd7-mediated Flowering Repression in Rice, We also revealed that PhyB can control Ghd7 repressor activity as a temperature sensor to inhibit Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 at lower temperatures, likely through a post-transcriptional regulation, despite inductive photoperiod conditions
  • Ghd7, OsGI-Hd1-Hd3a~RFT1, High Ambient Temperatures Inhibit Ghd7-mediated Flowering Repression in Rice, Furthermore, we found that rapid reduction of Ghd7 mRNA under high-temperature conditions can lead to mRNA increase in a rice florigen gene, RFT1
  • RFT1, spPLD, A secretory phospholipase D hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine to suppress rice heading time., Interestingly, rice Hd3a and RFT1 bind to phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and a further analysis by lipidomic approach using mass spectrometry revealed the altered phospholipids profiles in shoot apical meristem, particularly the PC species, under altered spPLD expressions
  • OsLHY, RFT1, mediated pathways in rice Oryza sativa L.., Furthermore, the expression of the flowering activators Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1 was down-regulated and flowering repressors Hd1 and Ghd7 was up-regulated in the oslhy mutant under LD conditions
  • OsLHY, RFT1, mediated pathways in rice Oryza sativa L.., Dual-luciferase assays showed that OsLHY repressed the transcription of OsGI, Hd1, Ghd7, Hd3a, RFT1 and OsELF3, and activated the transcription of Ehd1
  • OsLHY, RFT1, mediated pathways in rice Oryza sativa L.., Moreover, the yeast one hybrid assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that OsLHY directly repressed OsGI, RFT1 and OsELF3 by binding to their promoters, which is consistent with that in Arabidopsis
  • Hd17~Ef7~OsELF3-1~OsELF3.1~OsELF3, RFT1, mediated pathways in rice Oryza sativa L.., Dual-luciferase assays showed that OsLHY repressed the transcription of OsGI, Hd1, Ghd7, Hd3a, RFT1 and OsELF3, and activated the transcription of Ehd1
  • Hd17~Ef7~OsELF3-1~OsELF3.1~OsELF3, RFT1, mediated pathways in rice Oryza sativa L.., Moreover, the yeast one hybrid assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that OsLHY directly repressed OsGI, RFT1 and OsELF3 by binding to their promoters, which is consistent with that in Arabidopsis
  • OsHUB2~FRRP1, RFT1, OsHUB2 inhibits function of OsTrx1 in heading date in rice., The expression of Hd3a, RFT1, and Ehd1 was induced and the transcript levels of Hd1, Ghd7, OsCCA1, OsGI, OsFKF1, and OsTOC1 were reduced under long-day conditions, whereas RFT1 and Ehd1 expression was induced in oshub2 mutants under short-day conditions
  • Hd5~DTH8~Ghd8~OsHAP3H~LHD1~EF8~CAR8~OsNF-YB11, RFT1, DTH8 overexpression induces early flowering, boosts yield, and improves stress recovery in rice cv IR64., DTH8 up-regulates the transcription of RFT1, Hd3a, GHD7, MOC1, and RCN1 in IR64 at the pre-flowering stage and plays a role in early flowering, increased number of tillers, enhanced panicle branching, and improved tolerance towards drought and salinity stress at the reproductive stage
  • OsFTIP9, RFT1, The tetratricopeptide repeat protein OsTPR075 promotes heading by regulating florigen transport in rice., Furthermore, we show that the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) protein OsTPR075 interacts with both OsFTIP9 and OsFTIP1 and strengthens their respective interactions with Hd3a and the florigen RFT1
  • OsTPR075, RFT1, The tetratricopeptide repeat protein OsTPR075 promotes heading by regulating florigen transport in rice., Furthermore, we show that the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) protein OsTPR075 interacts with both OsFTIP9 and OsFTIP1 and strengthens their respective interactions with Hd3a and the florigen RFT1
  • RFT1, RIFLA, Intronic long noncoding RNA, RICE FLOWERING ASSOCIATED RIFLA, regulates OsMADS56-mediated flowering in rice., Overexpression of RIFLA in rice repressed OsMADS56 expression but activated the expression of flowering inducers Hd3a and RFT1
  • Hd3a, RFT1, The amino acid residue E96 orf Ghd8 is crucial for the formation of the flowering repression complex Ghd7-Ghd8-OsHAP5C in rice., The triple complex of Ghd8-OsHAP5C-Ghd7 directly bound to the promotor of Hd3a and downregulated the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a and RFT1, and finally resulted in a delayed heading
  • OsMOS1, RFT1, Functional Conservation and Divergence of MOS1 That Controls Flowering Time and Seed Size in Rice and Arabidopsis., The transcriptions of the heading activators Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1 were decreased and the heading repressor Hd1 was increased in the osmos1 mutant
  • OsMOS1, RFT1, Functional Conservation and Divergence of MOS1 That Controls Flowering Time and Seed Size in Rice and Arabidopsis., Conversely, the overexpression of OsMOS1 promoted the expressions of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1, but inhibited the expression of Hd1
  • OsMOS1, RFT1, Functional Conservation and Divergence of MOS1 That Controls Flowering Time and Seed Size in Rice and Arabidopsis., This suggests that OsMOS1 may control heading in rice by modulating the transcriptions of Ehd1, Hd3a, RFT1, and Hd1
  • HBP1, RFT1, Two interacting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors control flowering time in rice., CRISPR/Cas9-generated knockout mutations of HBP1, but not POH1 mutations, promoted earlier flowering time; conversely, HBP1 and POH1 overexpression delayed flowering time in rice under long-day and short-day conditions by activating the expression of Hd1 and suppressing the expression of Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Heading date 3a (Hd3a), and Rice Flowering locus T 1 (RFT1), thus controlling flowering time in rice
  • OsFBH1~POH1, RFT1, Two interacting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors control flowering time in rice., CRISPR/Cas9-generated knockout mutations of HBP1, but not POH1 mutations, promoted earlier flowering time; conversely, HBP1 and POH1 overexpression delayed flowering time in rice under long-day and short-day conditions by activating the expression of Hd1 and suppressing the expression of Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), Heading date 3a (Hd3a), and Rice Flowering locus T 1 (RFT1), thus controlling flowering time in rice
  • OsFTL12, RFT1, OsFTL12, a member of FT-like family, modulates the heading date and plant architecture by florigen repression complex in rice., Here, we show that OsFTL12 plays an antagonistic function against Hd3a and RFT1 to modulate the heading date and plant architecture in rice
  • OsFTL12, RFT1, OsFTL12, a member of FT-like family, modulates the heading date and plant architecture by florigen repression complex in rice., Unlike Hd3a and RFT1, OsFTL12 is not regulated by daylength and highly expressed in both SD and LD conditions, and delays the heading date under either SD or LD conditions
  • Ghd2~OsK, RFT1, The CCT transcriptional activator Ghd2 constantly delays the heading date by upregulating CO3 in rice., A comparison of the heading dates among plants with CO3 knocked out or overexpressed and double mutants overexpressing Ghd2 with CO3 knocked out shows that CO3 negatively and constantly regulates flowering by repressing the transcription of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1

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