FON2,FON4,TG1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags flower  culm  floral  root  shoot apical meristem  floral organ number  meristem  vegetative  shoot  stem  inflorescence  floral meristem  sterility  floral organ  breeding  male sterility  development  spikelet  axillary meristem  flower development 

• Information
  • Symbol: FON2,FON4,TG1
  • MSU: LOC_Os11g38270
  • RAPdb: Os11g0595400
• Publication
  • FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice, 2009, PLoS Genet.
  • Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, 2008, Plant Cell.
  • Conservation and diversification of meristem maintenance mechanism in Oryza sativa: Function of the FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 gene, 2006, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • The floral organ number4 gene encoding a putative ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 regulates apical meristem size in rice, 2006, Plant Physiol.
  • Mapping and application of the twin-grain1 gene in rice., 2016, Planta.
  • Genetic Enhancer Analysis Reveals that FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 and OsMADS3 Cooperatively Regulate Maintenance and Determinacy of the Flower Meristem in Rice., 2017, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • FON4 prevents the multi-floret spikelet in rice., 2019, Plant Biotechnol J.
  • Antagonistic action of TILLERS ABSENT1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 regulates stem cell maintenance during axillary meristem development in rice., 2019, New Phytol.
  • Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., 2017, J Exp Bot.
• Genbank accession number
  • AB245090
  • DQ836359
  • AB245090
  • DQ836359
• Key message
  • Unlike FON2, which regulates the maintenance of flower and inflorescence meristems, FCP1 appears to regulate the maintenance of the vegetative SAM and RAM
  • Likely due to enlarged SAMs, fon4 mutants produced thick culms (stems) and increased numbers of both primary rachis branches and floral organs
  • In rice (Oryza sativa), FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2), closely related to CLV3, is involved as a signaling molecule in a similar pathway to negatively regulate stem cell proliferation in the floral meristem (FM)
  • FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice
  • Exogenous application of the peptides FON4p and CLV3p corresponding to the CLV3/ESR-related (CLE) motifs of FON4 and CLV3, respectively, resulted in termination of SAMs in rice, and treatment with CLV3p caused consumption of both rice and Arabidopsis root meristems, suggesting that the CLV pathway in limiting meristem size is conserved in both rice and Arabidopsis
  • However, exogenous FON4p did not have an obvious effect on limiting both rice and Arabidopsis root meristems, suggesting that the CLE motifs of Arabidopsis CLV3 and FON4 are potentially functionally divergent
  • The fon4 mutants showed abnormal enlargement of the embryonic and vegetative shoot apical meristems (SAMs) and the inflorescence and floral meristems
  • To elucidate the genetic mechanism that regulates meristem maintenance in monocots, here we have examined the function of the gene FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2) in Oryza sativa (rice)
  • To understand the molecular mechanism regulating meristem development in the monocot rice (Oryza sativa), we describe here the isolation and characterization of three floral organ number4 (fon4) alleles and the cloning of the FON4 gene
  • Constitutive expression of FON2 also causes premature termination of the shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis, a phenotype similar to that caused by constitutive expression of CLV3
  • Constitutive expression of FON2 causes a reduction in the number of floral organs and flowers, suggesting that both the flower and inflorescence meristems are reduced in size
  • FON4 transcripts mainly accumulated in the small group of cells at the apex of the SAMs, whereas the rice ortholog of CLV1 (FON1) is expressed throughout the SAMs, suggesting that the putative FON4 ligand might be sequestered as a possible mechanism for rice meristem regulation
  • Mutations in FON2 cause enlargement of the floral meristem, resulting in an increase in the number of floral organs, although the vegetative and inflorescence meristems are largely normal
  • Genetic analysis revealed that FOS1 does not need FON1, the putative receptor of FON2, for its action, suggesting that FOS1 and FON2 may function in meristem maintenance as signaling molecules in independent pathways
  • Here, we report that two proteins closely related to CLAVATA3, FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2) and FON2-LIKE CLE PROTEIN1 (FCP1/Os CLE402), have functionally diversified to regulate the different types of meristem in rice (Oryza sativa)
  • FON2 transcripts are localized at the apical region in all meristems in the aerial parts of rice plants, showing an expression pattern similar to that of Arabidopsis CLV3
  • Together with our previous study of FON1, these results clearly indicate that the FON1-FON2 system in rice corresponds to the CLV signaling system in Arabidopsis and suggest that the negative regulation of stem cell identity by these systems may be principally conserved in a wide range of plants within the Angiosperms
  • In addition, we propose a model of the genetic regulation of meristem maintenance in rice that includes an alternative pathway independent of FON2-FON1
  • The mapping results showed that TG1 is allelic to FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2)/FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 (FON4), a flower organ number gene located at 88
  • The novel tg1 gene allele was introgressed into the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line Zhejing 22A, giving rise to a new CMS line Zhejing 22-tg1A
  • The results implied great potentials for the tg1 gene in hybrid rice breeding
  • Disruption of OsMADS3 in the fon2 mutant by CRISPR-Cas9 technology caused a flower phenotype similar to that of 2B-424, confirming that the gene responsible for enhancement of fon2 was OsMADS3
  • Morphological analysis showed that the fon2 and osmads3 mutations synergistically affected pistil development and FM determinacy
  • In fon2 mutants, the numbers of floral organs are increased due to an enlargement of the FM
  • To identify new factors regulating meristem maintenance in rice, we performed a genetic screening of mutants that enhanced the fon2 mutation, and found a mutant line (2B-424) in which pistil number was dramatically increased
  • FON4 prevents the multi-floret spikelet in rice.
  • By contrast, the stem cell region and TAB1 expression domain were expanded in fon2, and FON2 overexpression inhibited axillary meristem formation
  • These results indicate that TAB1 is required to maintain stem cells during axillary meristem development, whereas FON2 negatively regulates stem cell fate by restricting TAB1 expression
  • Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • This work reveals how the meristem maintenance gene FON4 genetically interacts with C, D, and E floral homeotic genes in specifying FM activity in monocot rice
• Connection
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, FOS1, FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice, Here we show that the FON2 SPARE1 (FOS1) gene encoding a CLE protein functions along with FON2 in maintenance of the FM
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, FOS1, FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice, Genetic analysis revealed that FOS1 does not need FON1, the putative receptor of FON2, for its action, suggesting that FOS1 and FON2 may function in meristem maintenance as signaling molecules in independent pathways
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, FOS1, FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice, Sequence comparison of FOS1 in about 150 domesticated rice and wild rice species indicates that this FNP is present only in japonica, suggesting that redundant regulation by FOS1 and FON2 is commonplace in species in the Oryza genus
  • FCP1~OsCLE402, FON2~FON4~TG1, Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, Here, we report that two proteins closely related to CLAVATA3, FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2) and FON2-LIKE CLE PROTEIN1 (FCP1/Os CLE402), have functionally diversified to regulate the different types of meristem in rice (Oryza sativa)
  • FCP1~OsCLE402, FON2~FON4~TG1, Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, Unlike FON2, which regulates the maintenance of flower and inflorescence meristems, FCP1 appears to regulate the maintenance of the vegetative SAM and RAM
  • FCP1~OsCLE402, FON2~FON4~TG1, Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, FON1, a putative receptor of FON2, is likely to be unnecessary for these FCP1 functions
  • FCP1~OsCLE402, FON2~FON4~TG1, Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, Furthermore, we identify a key amino acid residue that discriminates between the actions of FCP1 and FON2
  • FON1, FON2~FON4~TG1, Functional diversification of CLAVATA3-related CLE proteins in meristem maintenance in rice, FON1, a putative receptor of FON2, is likely to be unnecessary for these FCP1 functions
  • FON1, FON2~FON4~TG1, The floral organ number4 gene encoding a putative ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 regulates apical meristem size in rice, FON4 transcripts mainly accumulated in the small group of cells at the apex of the SAMs, whereas the rice ortholog of CLV1 (FON1) is expressed throughout the SAMs, suggesting that the putative FON4 ligand might be sequestered as a possible mechanism for rice meristem regulation
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS3, Genetic Enhancer Analysis Reveals that FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 and OsMADS3 Cooperatively Regulate Maintenance and Determinacy of the Flower Meristem in Rice., Disruption of OsMADS3 in the fon2 mutant by CRISPR-Cas9 technology caused a flower phenotype similar to that of 2B-424, confirming that the gene responsible for enhancement of fon2 was OsMADS3
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS3, Genetic Enhancer Analysis Reveals that FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 and OsMADS3 Cooperatively Regulate Maintenance and Determinacy of the Flower Meristem in Rice., Morphological analysis showed that the fon2 and osmads3 mutations synergistically affected pistil development and FM determinacy
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS34~PAP2, Regulatory network and genetic interactions established by OsMADS34 in rice inflorescence and spikelet morphogenesis., Genetic analysis revealed that OsMADS34 controls different aspects of inflorescence structure, branching and meristem activity synergistically with LAX PANICLE1 (LAX1) and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 (FON4), as evidenced by the enhanced phenotypes of osmads34 lax1 and osmads34 fon4 compared with the single mutants
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsPID~OsPINOID, OsPINOID Regulates Stigma and Ovule Initiation through Maintenance of the Floral Meristem by Auxin Signaling., Moreover, the transcription of the floral meristem marker gene, OSH1, was down-regulated and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 (FON4), the putative ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 (CLV3), was up-regulated in the pistil primordium of ospid
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsTPL~ASP1~OsLIS-L1~ASP-LSL, Transcriptional corepressor ASP1 and CLV-like signaling regulate meristem maintenance in rice., In this study, through genetic enhancer analysis, we found that loss of function of ABERRANT SPIKELET AND PANICLE1 (ASP1), encoding an Arabidopsis TOPLESS (TPL)-like transcriptional corepressor, enhances the fon2 flower phenotype, which displayed an increase in floral organ number
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsTPL~ASP1~OsLIS-L1~ASP-LSL, Transcriptional corepressor ASP1 and CLV-like signaling regulate meristem maintenance in rice., In the fon2 asp1 double mutant, the inflorescence was severely affected, resulting in bifurcation of the main axis (rachis), a phenotype that has not previously been reported
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsTPL~ASP1~OsLIS-L1~ASP-LSL, Transcriptional corepressor ASP1 and CLV-like signaling regulate meristem maintenance in rice., The stem cells showed marked overproliferation in fon2 asp1, resulting in extreme enlargement and splitting of the inflorescence meristem
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsTPL~ASP1~OsLIS-L1~ASP-LSL, Transcriptional corepressor ASP1 and CLV-like signaling regulate meristem maintenance in rice., These results suggest that ASP1 and FON2 synergistically regulate stem cell maintenance in rice
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsTPL~ASP1~OsLIS-L1~ASP-LSL, Transcriptional corepressor ASP1 and CLV-like signaling regulate meristem maintenance in rice., Taken together, our results suggest that TPL-like corepressor activity plays a crucial role in meristem maintenance, and that stem cell proliferation is properly maintained via the cooperation of ASP1 and FON2
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, MOC3~OsWUS~TAB1~OsTAB1, TILLERS ABSENT1, the WUSCHEL ortholog, is not involved in stem cell maintenance in the shoot apical meristem in rice., Recently, we showed that a double mutant of FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2) and ABERRANT SPIKELET AND PANICLE1 (ASP1) led to a marked enlargement of the inflorescence meristem, and that the TAB1 function is not associated with massive stem cells in this meristem
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, MOC3~OsWUS~TAB1~OsTAB1, TILLERS ABSENT1, the WUSCHEL ortholog, is not involved in stem cell maintenance in the shoot apical meristem in rice., In this paper, we confirmed that TAB1 is also unrelated to the enlargement of the SAM in the vegetative phase of the fon2 and fon2 asp1 mutants
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, MOC3~OsWUS~TAB1~OsTAB1, Antagonistic action of TILLERS ABSENT1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 regulates stem cell maintenance during axillary meristem development in rice., To elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying axillary meristem development in rice (Oryza sativa), we undertook a molecular genetic analysis focusing on TILLERS ABSENT1 (TAB1) and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2), respective orthologs of the WUSCHEL and CLAVATA3 genes involved in SAM maintenance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, MOC3~OsWUS~TAB1~OsTAB1, Antagonistic action of TILLERS ABSENT1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 regulates stem cell maintenance during axillary meristem development in rice., By contrast, the stem cell region and TAB1 expression domain were expanded in fon2, and FON2 overexpression inhibited axillary meristem formation
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, MOC3~OsWUS~TAB1~OsTAB1, Antagonistic action of TILLERS ABSENT1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 regulates stem cell maintenance during axillary meristem development in rice., These results indicate that TAB1 is required to maintain stem cells during axillary meristem development, whereas FON2 negatively regulates stem cell fate by restricting TAB1 expression
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, SaM, Antagonistic action of TILLERS ABSENT1 and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 regulates stem cell maintenance during axillary meristem development in rice., To elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying axillary meristem development in rice (Oryza sativa), we undertook a molecular genetic analysis focusing on TILLERS ABSENT1 (TAB1) and FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2), respective orthologs of the WUSCHEL and CLAVATA3 genes involved in SAM maintenance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsLG3b~OsMADS1~LHS1~AFO, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Double mutant combinations of fon4 with osmads3, osmads58, osmads13, and osmads1 displayed enhanced defects in FM determinacy and identity, respectively, indicating that FON4 and these genes synergistically control FM activity
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS13, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS13, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Double mutant combinations of fon4 with osmads3, osmads58, osmads13, and osmads1 displayed enhanced defects in FM determinacy and identity, respectively, indicating that FON4 and these genes synergistically control FM activity
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS13, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., In addition, the expression patterns of all the genes besides OsMADS13 had no obvious change in the fon4 mutant
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS15~DEP, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS15~DEP, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., We observed an additive phenotype in the fon4 double mutant with the OsMADS15 mutant allele dep (degenerative palea)
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS16~SPW1, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OsMADS16~SPW1, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., The effect on the organ number of whorl 2 was enhanced in fon4 spw1
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS3, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS3, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Double mutant combinations of fon4 with osmads3, osmads58, osmads13, and osmads1 displayed enhanced defects in FM determinacy and identity, respectively, indicating that FON4 and these genes synergistically control FM activity
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS58, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development
  • FON2~FON4~TG1, OSMADS58, Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development., Double mutant combinations of fon4 with osmads3, osmads58, osmads13, and osmads1 displayed enhanced defects in FM determinacy and identity, respectively, indicating that FON4 and these genes synergistically control FM activity

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