OsGS,OsGS1,GS1,OsGS1;1,OsGLN1;1

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags stem  seed  leaf  nitrogen  drought  root  grain  growth  spikelet  sheath  chloroplast  grain filling  drought tolerance  cadmium  oxidative  seedling  salinity  tolerance  abiotic stress  stress  Al tolerance  biotic stress  salinity stress  transcription factor  development  photosynthesis  homeostasis  chloroplast development  sugar  amylose content 

• Information
  • Symbol: OsGS,OsGS1,GS1,OsGS1;1,OsGLN1;1
  • MSU: LOC_Os02g50240
  • RAPdb: Os02g0735200
• Publication
  • Regulation of glutamine synthetase isoforms in two differentially drought-tolerant rice Oryza sativa L. cultivars under water deficit conditions, 2013, Plant Cell Rep.
  • Influence of different nitrogen inputs on the members of ammonium transporter and glutamine synthetase genes in two rice genotypes having differential responsiveness to nitrogen, 2012, Mol Biol Rep.
  • Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, 2004, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Mapping of QTLs associated with cytosolic glutamine synthetase and NADH-glutamate synthase in rice Oryza sativa L., 2001, J Exp Bot.
  • Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1, 2005, Plant J.
  • Metabolomics data reveal a crucial role of cytosolic glutamine synthetase 1;1 in coordinating metabolic balance in rice, 2011, Plant J.
  • Three cDNA sequences coding for glutamine synthetase polypeptides in Oryza sativa L, 1989, Plant Mol Biol.
  • Identification and characterization of a QTL on chromosome 2 for cytosolic glutamine synthetase content and panicle number in rice, 2004, Theor Appl Genet.
  • Overexpression of the glutamine synthetase gene modulates oxidative stress response in rice after exposure to cadmium stress, 2013, Plant Cell Rep.
  • Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., 2018, Front Plant Sci.
  • Cytosolic GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 modulates metabolism and chloroplast development in roots., 2020, Plant Physiol.
  • The Amino Acid Transporter OsAAP4 Contributes to Rice Tillering and Grain Yield by Regulating Neutral Amino Acid Allocation through Two Splicing Variants, 2021, Rice (N Y).
  • Alternative splicing of OsGS1;1 affects nitrogen-use efficiency, grain development, and amylose content in rice., 2022, Plant J.
• Genbank accession number
  • NM_001054580.1
  • AB037595
  • X14245
  • NM_001054580.1
  • AB037595
  • X14245
  • NM_001054580.1
  • AB037595
  • X14245
• Key message
  • Following WD, OsGS1;1 mRNA level in stem and root tissues declined in IR-64 and enhanced in Khitish
  • In both the genotypes, both increase and decline in seed protein contents matched with the expressions levels of OsAMT1;1, OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 in the flag leaves during grain filling stage indicating that high nitrogen nutrition in KN3119 probably causes the repression of these genes which might be important during grain filling
  • Overaccumulation of free ammonium in the leaf sheath and roots of the mutant indicated the importance of OsGS1;1 for ammonium assimilation in both organs
  • OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 were differentially regulated in IR-64 (drought-sensitive) and Khitish (drought-tolerant) cultivars of rice
  • Results suggest that OsGS2 and OsGS1;1 expression may contribute to drought tolerance of Khitish cultivar under WD conditions
  • A steady OsGS1;2 expression patterns were noted in leaf, stem and root of both the cultivars
  • Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1
  • OsGS1;1 was expressed in all organs tested with higher expression in leaf blades, while OsGS1;2, and OsGS1;3 were expressed mainly in roots and spikelets, respectively
  • Of the three genes encoding cytosolic GS in rice, OsGS1;1 is critical for normal growth and grain filling
  • These results demonstrated a crucial function of OsGS1;1 in coordinating the global metabolic network in rice plants grown using ammonium as the nitrogen source
  • GS1 transcript and polypeptide accumulated in leaf during WD, however, GS1 activity was maintained at a constant level
  • Among the three isoenzymes of the cytosolic GS1 gene family in rice, OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 were abundantly expressed in roots
  • The OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 transcripts showed reciprocal responses to ammonium supply in the surface cell layers of roots
  • The high-capacity Gln synthetic activities of OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 facilitate active ammonium assimilation in specific cell types in rice roots
  • Low-affinity forms of GS1 comparable to those in Arabidopsis (GLN1;2 and GLN1;3) were absent in rice roots
  • Rice plants possess one gene (OsGS2) for chloroplastic GS2 and three genes (OsGS1;1, OsGS1;2 and OsGS1;3) for cytosolic GS1
  • Abnormal mRNA for GS1;1 was transcribed, and the GS1 protein and its activity in the leaf blades were barely detectable in these mutants
  • These findings suggested that the variation in GS1 and NADH‐GOGAT protein contents in this population is related to the changes in the rate of nitrogen recycling from senescing organs to developing organs, leading to changes in these physiological traits
  • OsGLN1;1 accumulated in dermatogen, epidermis and exodermis under nitrogen-limited condition
  • By contrast, OsGLN1;2 was abundantly expressed in the same cell layers under nitrogen-sufficient conditions, replenishing the loss of OsGLN1;1 following ammonium treatment
  • The results indicate that GS1;1 is important for normal growth and grain filling in rice; GS1;2 and GS1;3 were not able to compensate for GS1;1 function
  • C-22 showed a 12-37% lower content of GS1 protein in leaf blades than Koshihikari, which was in good agreement with a QTL region positively affected by the japonica chromosome
  • KEY MESSAGE: Overexpression of OsGS gene modulates oxidative stress response in rice after exposure to cadmium stress
  • Our results demonstrate that the co-overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 isoforms in transgenic rice plants enhanced its tolerance to osmotic and salinity stress at the seedling stage
  • Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice (Oryza sativa L.): Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses.
  • Taken together, our results demonstrate that the concurrent overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 isoforms in rice enhanced physiological tolerance and agronomic performance under adverse abiotic stress conditions, apparently acting through multiple mechanistic routes
  • GOLDEN2-LIKE transcription factor-encoding genes, which are involved in chloroplast biogenesis in rice, could not compensate for the lack of OsSIGs in the Osgs1;1 mutant
  • Microscopic analysis revealed mature chloroplast development in Osgs1;1 roots but not in the roots of Osgs1;2, Osgs1;2-complemented lines, or the wildtype
  • Thus, organic N assimilated by OsGS1;1 affects a broad range of metabolites and transcripts involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and plastid development in rice roots, whereas OsGS1;2 has a more specific role, affecting mainly amino acid homeostasis but not C metabolism
  • We observed (i) abnormal sugar and organic N accumulation and (ii) significant upregulation of genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in the roots of Osgs1;1 but not Osgs1;2 knockout mutants
  • Network analysis of the Osgs1;1 mutant suggested that metabolism of glutamine was coordinated with the metabolic modules of sugar metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and carbon (C) fixation
  • Alternative splicing of OsGS1;1 affects nitrogen-use efficiency, grain development, and amylose content in rice.
  • The elite haplotype of OsGS1;1 showed high OsGS1;1b activity, which improved NUE, affected grain development, and reduced amylose content
• Connection
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Regulation of glutamine synthetase isoforms in two differentially drought-tolerant rice Oryza sativa L. cultivars under water deficit conditions, OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 were differentially regulated in IR-64 (drought-sensitive) and Khitish (drought-tolerant) cultivars of rice
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Regulation of glutamine synthetase isoforms in two differentially drought-tolerant rice Oryza sativa L. cultivars under water deficit conditions, Rice plants possess one gene (OsGS2) for chloroplastic GS2 and three genes (OsGS1;1, OsGS1;2 and OsGS1;3) for cytosolic GS1
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Regulation of glutamine synthetase isoforms in two differentially drought-tolerant rice Oryza sativa L. cultivars under water deficit conditions, Results suggest that OsGS2 and OsGS1;1 expression may contribute to drought tolerance of Khitish cultivar under WD conditions
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Influence of different nitrogen inputs on the members of ammonium transporter and glutamine synthetase genes in two rice genotypes having differential responsiveness to nitrogen, In both the genotypes, both increase and decline in seed protein contents matched with the expressions levels of OsAMT1;1, OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 in the flag leaves during grain filling stage indicating that high nitrogen nutrition in KN3119 probably causes the repression of these genes which might be important during grain filling
  • OsAMT1;1~OsAMT1.1, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Influence of different nitrogen inputs on the members of ammonium transporter and glutamine synthetase genes in two rice genotypes having differential responsiveness to nitrogen, In both the genotypes, both increase and decline in seed protein contents matched with the expressions levels of OsAMT1;1, OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 in the flag leaves during grain filling stage indicating that high nitrogen nutrition in KN3119 probably causes the repression of these genes which might be important during grain filling
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, Among the three isoenzymes of the cytosolic GS1 gene family in rice, OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 were abundantly expressed in roots
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, Analysis of the purified enzymes showed that OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 can be classified into high-affinity subtypes with relatively high V(max) values, as compared with the major high-affinity isoenzyme, GLN1;1, in Arabidopsis
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, Low-affinity forms of GS1 comparable to those in Arabidopsis (GLN1;2 and GLN1;3) were absent in rice roots
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, The OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 transcripts showed reciprocal responses to ammonium supply in the surface cell layers of roots
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, By contrast, OsGLN1;2 was abundantly expressed in the same cell layers under nitrogen-sufficient conditions, replenishing the loss of OsGLN1;1 following ammonium treatment
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, Within the central cylinder of elongating zone, OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 were both induced by ammonium, which was distinguishable from the response observed in the surface cell layers
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, The high-capacity Gln synthetic activities of OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 facilitate active ammonium assimilation in specific cell types in rice roots
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS1;3~OsGLN1;3, Biochemical background and compartmentalized functions of cytosolic glutamine synthetase for active ammonium assimilation in rice roots, Low-affinity forms of GS1 comparable to those in Arabidopsis (GLN1;2 and GLN1;3) were absent in rice roots
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS1;3~OsGLN1;3, Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1, OsGS1;1 was expressed in all organs tested with higher expression in leaf blades, while OsGS1;2, and OsGS1;3 were expressed mainly in roots and spikelets, respectively
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS1;3~OsGLN1;3, Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1, The results indicate that GS1;1 is important for normal growth and grain filling in rice; GS1;2 and GS1;3 were not able to compensate for GS1;1 function
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1, OsGS1;1 was expressed in all organs tested with higher expression in leaf blades, while OsGS1;2, and OsGS1;3 were expressed mainly in roots and spikelets, respectively
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Severe reduction in growth rate and grain filling of rice mutants lacking OsGS1;1, a cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;1, The results indicate that GS1;1 is important for normal growth and grain filling in rice; GS1;2 and GS1;3 were not able to compensate for GS1;1 function
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., In this study, we investigated the effect of concurrent overexpression of the rice cytosolic GS1 (OsGS1;1) and chloroplastic GS2 (OsGS2) genes in transgenic rice on its tolerance to abiotic stresses and the herbicide Glufosinate
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice (Oryza sativa L.): Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses.
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., Our results demonstrate that the co-overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 isoforms in transgenic rice plants enhanced its tolerance to osmotic and salinity stress at the seedling stage
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., Taken together, our results demonstrate that the concurrent overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 isoforms in rice enhanced physiological tolerance and agronomic performance under adverse abiotic stress conditions, apparently acting through multiple mechanistic routes
  • GS2~OsGRF4~GL2~GLW2~LGS1, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Concurrent Overexpression of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 Genes in Transgenic Rice Oryza sativa L.: Impact on Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses., In this study, we investigated the effect of concurrent overexpression of the rice cytosolic GS1 (OsGS1;1) and chloroplastic GS2 (OsGS2) genes in transgenic rice on its tolerance to abiotic stresses and the herbicide Glufosinate
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS2~lambdaGS31, Rice plants have three homologs of glutathione synthetase genes, one of which, OsGS2, codes for hydroxymethyl-glutathione synthetase., We isolated three rice glutathione synthetase homologs, designated OsGS1, OsGS2, and OsGS3, and found that knockdown of OsGS2 via RNA interference markedly decreased hydroxymethyl-glutathione concentration in rice plants
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Cytosolic GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 modulates metabolism and chloroplast development in roots., ) cytosolic GSs, namely OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2, on central metabolism in roots using reverse genetics, metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling, and network analyses
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Cytosolic GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 modulates metabolism and chloroplast development in roots., We observed (i) abnormal sugar and organic N accumulation and (ii) significant upregulation of genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in the roots of Osgs1;1 but not Osgs1;2 knockout mutants
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Cytosolic GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 modulates metabolism and chloroplast development in roots., Microscopic analysis revealed mature chloroplast development in Osgs1;1 roots but not in the roots of Osgs1;2, Osgs1;2-complemented lines, or the wildtype
  • GLN1;2~GS1;2~OsGS1;2, OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, Cytosolic GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 modulates metabolism and chloroplast development in roots., Thus, organic N assimilated by OsGS1;1 affects a broad range of metabolites and transcripts involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and plastid development in rice roots, whereas OsGS1;2 has a more specific role, affecting mainly amino acid homeostasis but not C metabolism
  • OsGS~OsGS1~GS1~OsGS1;1~OsGLN1;1, OsGS3, Rice plants have three homologs of glutathione synthetase genes, one of which, OsGS2, codes for hydroxymethyl-glutathione synthetase., We isolated three rice glutathione synthetase homologs, designated OsGS1, OsGS2, and OsGS3, and found that knockdown of OsGS2 via RNA interference markedly decreased hydroxymethyl-glutathione concentration in rice plants

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