PHYC,OsphyC,LHD3

2015-01-20 | Categories genes  | Tags flower  flowering time  sheath  seedling  ga  leaf  gibberellin  phosphate  ethylene  map-based cloning  heading date  chlorophyll  flowering 

• Information
  • Symbol: PHYC,OsphyC,LHD3
  • MSU: LOC_Os03g54084
  • RAPdb: Os03g0752100
• Publication
  • Molecular dissection of the roles of phytochrome in photoperiodic flowering in rice, 2011, Plant Physiol.
  • The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, 2011, Plant Physiol.
  • Cryptochrome and phytochrome cooperatively but independently reduce active gibberellin content in rice seedlings under light irradiation, 2012, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice, 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
  • Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, 2005, Plant Cell.
  • Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, 2009, J Biosci Bioeng.
  • A base substitution in OsphyC disturbs its Interaction with OsphyB and affects flowering time and chlorophyll synthesis in rice., 2022, BMC Plant Biol.
• Genbank accession number
  • AB018442
• Key message
  • Rice is a short-day plant, and we found that mutation in either phyB or phyC caused moderate early flowering under the long-day photoperiod, while monogenic phyA mutation had little effect on the flowering time
  • The phyA mutation, however, in combination with phyB or phyC mutation caused dramatic early flowering
  • ACO1 expression was controlled mainly by phyA and phyB, and a histochemical analysis showed that ACO1 expression was localized to the basal parts of leaf sheaths of phyAphyBphyC seedlings, similar to mature wild-type plants at the heading stage, when internode elongation was greatly promoted
  • Seedlings of phyB and phyB phyC mutants exhibited a partial loss of sensitivity to continuous red light (Rc) but still showed significant deetiolation responses
  • In addition, the transcription levels of several ethylene- or gibberellin (GA)-related genes were changed in phyAphyBphyC mutants, and measurement of the plant hormone levels indicated low ethylene production and bioactive GA levels in the phyAphyBphyC mutants
  • Distinct metabolic profiles between phyA phyB phyC triple mutants and the wild type (WT), as well as those between young and mature leaf blades, could be clearly observed by principal component analysis (PCA)
  • The metabolite profiles indicated high accumulation of amino acids, organic acids, sugars, sugar phosphates, and nucleotides in the leaf blades of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants, especially in the young leaves, compared with those in the WT
  • Although phyAphyBphyC phytochrome-null mutants in rice (Oryza sativa) have morphological changes and exhibit internode elongation, even as seedlings, it is unknown how phytochromes contribute to the control of internode elongation
  • A gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO1), which is an ethylene biosynthesis gene contributing to internode elongation, was up-regulated in phyAphyBphyC seedlings
  • We demonstrate that ethylene induced internode elongation and ACO1 expression in phyAphyBphyC seedlings but not in the wild type and that the presence of bioactive GAs was necessary for these effects
  • RESULTS: A rice mutant, late heading date 3 (lhd3), was characterized, and the gene LHD3 was identified with a map-based cloning strategy
  • Compared with wild-type plants, the lhd3 mutant exhibited delayed flowering under both LD (long-day) and SD (short-day) conditions, and delayed flowering time was positively associated with the day length via the Ehd1 pathway
  • In addition, lhd3 showed a pale-green-leaf phenotype and a slower chlorophyll synthesis rate during the greening process
  • The transcription patterns of many key genes involved in photoperiod-mediated flowering and chlorophyll synthesis were altered in lhd3
• Connection
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Molecular dissection of the roles of phytochrome in photoperiodic flowering in rice, Our results show that either phyA alone or a genetic combination of phyB and phyC can induce Ghd7 mRNA, whereas phyB alone causes some reduction in levels of Ghd7 mRNA
  • Ghd7, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Molecular dissection of the roles of phytochrome in photoperiodic flowering in rice, Our results show that either phyA alone or a genetic combination of phyB and phyC can induce Ghd7 mRNA, whereas phyB alone causes some reduction in levels of Ghd7 mRNA
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Molecular dissection of the roles of phytochrome in photoperiodic flowering in rice, Our results show that either phyA alone or a genetic combination of phyB and phyC can induce Ghd7 mRNA, whereas phyB alone causes some reduction in levels of Ghd7 mRNA
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, Although phyAphyBphyC phytochrome-null mutants in rice (Oryza sativa) have morphological changes and exhibit internode elongation, even as seedlings, it is unknown how phytochromes contribute to the control of internode elongation
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, A gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO1), which is an ethylene biosynthesis gene contributing to internode elongation, was up-regulated in phyAphyBphyC seedlings
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, ACO1 expression was controlled mainly by phyA and phyB, and a histochemical analysis showed that ACO1 expression was localized to the basal parts of leaf sheaths of phyAphyBphyC seedlings, similar to mature wild-type plants at the heading stage, when internode elongation was greatly promoted
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, In addition, the transcription levels of several ethylene- or gibberellin (GA)-related genes were changed in phyAphyBphyC mutants, and measurement of the plant hormone levels indicated low ethylene production and bioactive GA levels in the phyAphyBphyC mutants
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, We demonstrate that ethylene induced internode elongation and ACO1 expression in phyAphyBphyC seedlings but not in the wild type and that the presence of bioactive GAs was necessary for these effects
  • OsACO1, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, A gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO1), which is an ethylene biosynthesis gene contributing to internode elongation, was up-regulated in phyAphyBphyC seedlings
  • OsACO1, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, ACO1 expression was controlled mainly by phyA and phyB, and a histochemical analysis showed that ACO1 expression was localized to the basal parts of leaf sheaths of phyAphyBphyC seedlings, similar to mature wild-type plants at the heading stage, when internode elongation was greatly promoted
  • OsACO1, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, We demonstrate that ethylene induced internode elongation and ACO1 expression in phyAphyBphyC seedlings but not in the wild type and that the presence of bioactive GAs was necessary for these effects
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, Although phyAphyBphyC phytochrome-null mutants in rice (Oryza sativa) have morphological changes and exhibit internode elongation, even as seedlings, it is unknown how phytochromes contribute to the control of internode elongation
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, A gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO1), which is an ethylene biosynthesis gene contributing to internode elongation, was up-regulated in phyAphyBphyC seedlings
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, ACO1 expression was controlled mainly by phyA and phyB, and a histochemical analysis showed that ACO1 expression was localized to the basal parts of leaf sheaths of phyAphyBphyC seedlings, similar to mature wild-type plants at the heading stage, when internode elongation was greatly promoted
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, In addition, the transcription levels of several ethylene- or gibberellin (GA)-related genes were changed in phyAphyBphyC mutants, and measurement of the plant hormone levels indicated low ethylene production and bioactive GA levels in the phyAphyBphyC mutants
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, The multiple contributions of phytochromes to the control of internode elongation in rice, We demonstrate that ethylene induced internode elongation and ACO1 expression in phyAphyBphyC seedlings but not in the wild type and that the presence of bioactive GAs was necessary for these effects
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice, To directly address this hypothesis, a phytochrome triple mutant (phyAphyBphyC) was generated in rice (Oryza sativa L
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice, Since rice only has three phytochrome genes (PHYA, PHYB and PHYC), this mutant is completely lacking any phytochrome
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice, To directly address this hypothesis, a phytochrome triple mutant (phyAphyBphyC) was generated in rice (Oryza sativa L
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice, Since rice only has three phytochrome genes (PHYA, PHYB and PHYC), this mutant is completely lacking any phytochrome
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Under continuous far-red light (FRc), phyA mutants showed partially impaired deetiolation, and phyA phyC double mutants showed no significant residual phytochrome responses, indicating that not only phyA but also phyC is involved in the photoperception of FRc in rice
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Interestingly, the phyB phyC double mutant displayed clear R/FR reversibility in the pulse irradiation experiments, indicating that both phyA and phyB can mediate the low-fluence response for gene expression
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Rice is a short-day plant, and we found that mutation in either phyB or phyC caused moderate early flowering under the long-day photoperiod, while monogenic phyA mutation had little effect on the flowering time
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, The phyA mutation, however, in combination with phyB or phyC mutation caused dramatic early flowering
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, We have isolated phytochrome B (phyB) and phyC mutants from rice (Oryza sativa) and have produced all combinations of double mutants
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Seedlings of phyB and phyB phyC mutants exhibited a partial loss of sensitivity to continuous red light (Rc) but still showed significant deetiolation responses
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Interestingly, the phyB phyC double mutant displayed clear R/FR reversibility in the pulse irradiation experiments, indicating that both phyA and phyB can mediate the low-fluence response for gene expression
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, Rice is a short-day plant, and we found that mutation in either phyB or phyC caused moderate early flowering under the long-day photoperiod, while monogenic phyA mutation had little effect on the flowering time
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Distinct and cooperative functions of phytochromes A, B, and C in the control of deetiolation and flowering in rice, The phyA mutation, however, in combination with phyB or phyC mutation caused dramatic early flowering
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Rice (Oryza sativa) possesses three phytochromes, phyA, phyB, and phyC
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, In the present study, non-targeted metabolite analysis by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS) and targeted metabolite analysis by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) were employed to investigate metabolic changes in rice phyA phyB phyC triple mutants
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Distinct metabolic profiles between phyA phyB phyC triple mutants and the wild type (WT), as well as those between young and mature leaf blades, could be clearly observed by principal component analysis (PCA)
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, The metabolite profiles indicated high accumulation of amino acids, organic acids, sugars, sugar phosphates, and nucleotides in the leaf blades of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants, especially in the young leaves, compared with those in the WT
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, 5-fold), was observed in young leaves of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, These metabolic phenotypes suggest that sugar metabolism, carbon partitioning, sugar transport, or some combination of these is impaired in the phyA phyB phyC triple mutants, and conversely, that phytochromes have crucial roles in sugar metabolism
  • PHYA~OsPhyA, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Rice (Oryza sativa) possesses three phytochromes, phyA, phyB, and phyC
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, In the present study, non-targeted metabolite analysis by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS) and targeted metabolite analysis by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) were employed to investigate metabolic changes in rice phyA phyB phyC triple mutants
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Distinct metabolic profiles between phyA phyB phyC triple mutants and the wild type (WT), as well as those between young and mature leaf blades, could be clearly observed by principal component analysis (PCA)
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, The metabolite profiles indicated high accumulation of amino acids, organic acids, sugars, sugar phosphates, and nucleotides in the leaf blades of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants, especially in the young leaves, compared with those in the WT
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, 5-fold), was observed in young leaves of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, These metabolic phenotypes suggest that sugar metabolism, carbon partitioning, sugar transport, or some combination of these is impaired in the phyA phyB phyC triple mutants, and conversely, that phytochromes have crucial roles in sugar metabolism
  • PHYB~OsphyB, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves, Comprehensive metabolite profiling of phyA phyB phyC triple mutants to reveal their associated metabolic phenotype in rice leaves
  • Ehd1, PHYC~OsphyC~LHD3, A base substitution in OsphyC disturbs its Interaction with OsphyB and affects flowering time and chlorophyll synthesis in rice., Compared with wild-type plants, the lhd3 mutant exhibited delayed flowering under both LD (long-day) and SD (short-day) conditions, and delayed flowering time was positively associated with the day length via the Ehd1 pathway

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